Infection Control - ABGD Mock Oral Board

Question 1

What replaced the MSDS?

Answer 1

• Safety Data Sheet
  
  • Form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance
  • Usually composed of 9 sections
    
    • Product information
    • Hazardous ingredients
    • Physical hazard data
    • Fire and explosion data
    • Health hazard information
    • Reactivity data
    • Spill or leak procedures
    • Special protection information
    • Special precautions

Question 2

What is the Global Harmonizing System?

Answer 2

• Classification and lebeling of hazards adopted by the UN; OSHA adopted in 2009

Question 3

What are the 3 categories of disinfectants?

Answer 3

• Low-level disinfectant (sometimes called hospital disinfectant)
• Intermediate level disinfectant
• High-level disinfectant

Question 4

Describe what a low-level disinfectant is…

Answer 4

• Sometimes call hospital disinfectant
• A liquid chemical germicide that is registered by the EPA as a hospital disinfectant
• Destroys most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses
• Inactivates Staphylococcus (aureus), Pseudomonus (aeruginosa) and Salmonella species

Question 5

Describe what an Intermediate level disinfectant is…

Answer 5

• A liquid chemical germicide that is registered with the EPA as a hospital disinfectant and with a label claim of potency as a tuberculocidal
• Destroys vegetative bacteria, most fungi, and most viruses; does inactivate Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Not necessarily capable of killing bacterial spores
• Cavicide is quaternary ammonium with alcohol

Question 6

Describe what a High Level Disinfectant is…

Answer 6

• A disinfection process that inactivates vegetative bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses but no necessarily high numbers of bacterial spores
• The FDA further defines a high level disinfectant as a sterilant used under the same contact conditions except for a shorter contact time
• Capable of killing Geobacillus sterothermophilus and Bacillus atrophaeus

Question 7

What kind of sterilizer do you use?

Answer 7

• Autoclave - gravity, 30 minutes at 121 degrees
• Vacuum - 4 min at 132
• Dry heat 150-160 for 120-150 minutes

Question 8

Where do you place the bowie dick?

Answer 8

• Over the outlet valve

Question 9

What do class 5 monitors show?

Answer 9

• Temp
• Pressure
• Time

Question 10

What do you do for a positive spore (Biological) test?

Answer 10

• Ensure you are operating and have loaded the sterilizer properly
• Repeat the test…
  
  • If it passes, back in service
• If it fails…
  
  • Take if out of service
    *

Question 11

What is biofilm?

Answer 11

• Microbial communities that adhere to solid surfaces whenever there is sufficient moisture
• Once formed, they serve as a reservoir, significantly amplifying the numbers of free-floating microorganisms in the water existing in the waterlines

Question 12

What are dental unit waterlines susceptible to biofilm formation?

Answer 12

• Waterlines provide a favorable environment for microbial colonization
• Not only do the materials used in dental unit constuction support the formation of biofilms, but also the small diameter of the tubing creates a highsurface to volume ratio for enhanced biofilm growth
• Furthermore, the low water pressure and flow rates used in dentistry, and frequent periods of stagnation encourage accumulation of bacteria from the water supply

Question 13

What standards exist for dental unit water quality?

Answer 13

• The CDC, EPA APHA, and AWWA have set the limits for heterotrophic bacteria to < or equal to 500 CFU/ml of driking water
• < 200 CFU for dental water lines (recommended by the ADA)

Question 14

What measures could be used to improve water quality?

Answer 14

• Goal: to improve dental unit water quality
• Chemical treatment
  
  • continuous or shock
  • inline water filters
  • mechanical purigng between patients 20 - 30 sec
  • flushing at the beginning of the day does not help
  • periodic testing

Question 15

Which blood borne pathogens are we concerned about?

Answer 15

• Hep B
• Hep C
• HIV
• Hep D
• NOT Hep A
• We are also concerned about…
  
  • influenza
  • measles
  • mumps
  • rubella
  • varicella

Question 16

Which blood borne pathogen is most likely to be transferred through percutaneous injury?

Answer 16

Hep B > Hep C > HIV

Question 17

How do we manage Hepatitis B?

Answer 17

• Avoid exposure by universal precautions
• 3 series vaccination
• 1 - 2 moths later titer
• If anti HB < 10 Miu/mL then repeat the series
• Approximately half o the non-responders will respond to the second series
• If no response after the second series, test for HBsAg, are positive
• Will lose antibodies over time, but you are still considered safe
• Boosters are not necessary

Question 18

What symbol is this?

Answer 18

• Oxidizing gases
• Oxidizing liquids
• Oxidizing solids

Question 19

What symbol is this?

Answer 19

• Flammables
• Pyrotechnics
• Self heating
• Emits flammable gas
• Self reactive
• Organic peroxides

Question 20

What is this symbol?

Answer 20

• Explosives
• Self-reactives
• Organic peroxides

Question 21

What is this symbol?

Answer 21

Acute toxicity (Fatal or toxic)

Question 22

What symbol is this?

Answer 22

• Skin corrosion/burns
• Eye damage
• Corrosive to metals

Question 23

What symbol is this?

Answer 23

Gas Under Pressure

Question 24

What symbol is this?

Answer 24

• Carcinogen
• Mutagenicity
• Reproductive toxicity
• Respiratory sensitizer
• Target organ toxicity
• Aspiration toxicity

Question 25

What symbol is this?

Answer 25

Aquatic Toxicity

Question 26

What symbol is this?

Answer 26

• Irritant (eye and skin
• Skin sensitizer
• Acute toxicity
• Narcotic effects
• Respiratory tract irritant
• Hazardous to ozone

Question 27

Where are these symbols located?

Answer 27

Hazardous communication - label on the product