Infection Control - ABGD Mock Oral Board Flashcards
What replaced the MSDS?
- Safety Data Sheet
- Form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance
- Usually composed of 9 sections
- Product information
- Hazardous ingredients
- Physical hazard data
- Fire and explosion data
- Health hazard information
- Reactivity data
- Spill or leak procedures
- Special protection information
- Special precautions
What is the Global Harmonizing System?
- Classification and lebeling of hazards adopted by the UN; OSHA adopted in 2009
What are the 3 categories of disinfectants?
- Low-level disinfectant (sometimes called hospital disinfectant)
- Intermediate level disinfectant
- High-level disinfectant
Describe what a low-level disinfectant is…
- Sometimes call hospital disinfectant
- A liquid chemical germicide that is registered by the EPA as a hospital disinfectant
- Destroys most vegetative bacteria, some fungi, and some viruses
- Inactivates Staphylococcus (aureus), Pseudomonus (aeruginosa) and Salmonella species
Describe what an Intermediate level disinfectant is…
- A liquid chemical germicide that is registered with the EPA as a hospital disinfectant and with a label claim of potency as a tuberculocidal
- Destroys vegetative bacteria, most fungi, and most viruses; does inactivate Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Not necessarily capable of killing bacterial spores
- Cavicide is quaternary ammonium with alcohol
Describe what a High Level Disinfectant is…
- A disinfection process that inactivates vegetative bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and viruses but no necessarily high numbers of bacterial spores
- The FDA further defines a high level disinfectant as a sterilant used under the same contact conditions except for a shorter contact time
- Capable of killing Geobacillus sterothermophilus and Bacillus atrophaeus
What kind of sterilizer do you use?
- Autoclave - gravity, 30 minutes at 121 degrees
- Vacuum - 4 min at 132
- Dry heat 150-160 for 120-150 minutes
Where do you place the bowie dick?
- Over the outlet valve
What do class 5 monitors show?
- Temp
- Pressure
- Time
What do you do for a positive spore (Biological) test?
- Ensure you are operating and have loaded the sterilizer properly
- Repeat the test…
- If it passes, back in service
- If it fails…
- Take if out of service
*
- Take if out of service
What is biofilm?
- Microbial communities that adhere to solid surfaces whenever there is sufficient moisture
- Once formed, they serve as a reservoir, significantly amplifying the numbers of free-floating microorganisms in the water existing in the waterlines
What are dental unit waterlines susceptible to biofilm formation?
- Waterlines provide a favorable environment for microbial colonization
- Not only do the materials used in dental unit constuction support the formation of biofilms, but also the small diameter of the tubing creates a highsurface to volume ratio for enhanced biofilm growth
- Furthermore, the low water pressure and flow rates used in dentistry, and frequent periods of stagnation encourage accumulation of bacteria from the water supply
What standards exist for dental unit water quality?
- The CDC, EPA APHA, and AWWA have set the limits for heterotrophic bacteria to < or equal to 500 CFU/ml of driking water
- < 200 CFU for dental water lines (recommended by the ADA)
What measures could be used to improve water quality?
- Goal: to improve dental unit water quality
- Chemical treatment
- continuous or shock
- inline water filters
- mechanical purigng between patients 20 - 30 sec
- flushing at the beginning of the day does not help
- periodic testing
Which blood borne pathogens are we concerned about?
- Hep B
- Hep C
- HIV
- Hep D
- NOT Hep A
- We are also concerned about…
- influenza
- measles
- mumps
- rubella
- varicella
Which blood borne pathogen is most likely to be transferred through percutaneous injury?
Hep B > Hep C > HIV
How do we manage Hepatitis B?
- Avoid exposure by universal precautions
- 3 series vaccination
- 1 - 2 moths later titer
- If anti HB < 10 Miu/mL then repeat the series
- Approximately half o the non-responders will respond to the second series
- If no response after the second series, test for HBsAg, are positive
- Will lose antibodies over time, but you are still considered safe
- Boosters are not necessary
What symbol is this?
- Oxidizing gases
- Oxidizing liquids
- Oxidizing solids
What symbol is this?
- Flammables
- Pyrotechnics
- Self heating
- Emits flammable gas
- Self reactive
- Organic peroxides
What is this symbol?
- Explosives
- Self-reactives
- Organic peroxides
What is this symbol?
Acute toxicity (Fatal or toxic)
What symbol is this?
- Skin corrosion/burns
- Eye damage
- Corrosive to metals
What symbol is this?
Gas Under Pressure
What symbol is this?
- Carcinogen
- Mutagenicity
- Reproductive toxicity
- Respiratory sensitizer
- Target organ toxicity
- Aspiration toxicity
What symbol is this?
Aquatic Toxicity
What symbol is this?
- Irritant (eye and skin
- Skin sensitizer
- Acute toxicity
- Narcotic effects
- Respiratory tract irritant
- Hazardous to ozone
Where are these symbols located?
Hazardous communication - label on the product
