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Infection Control > Infection Control > Flashcards

Infection Control Flashcards

1
Q

The person to whom the infectious agent is passed is a(n) _____________.

A

host

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2
Q

Which of the following terms describes the complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms?

A

sterilization

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3
Q

What is the most important way to prevent the spread of infection?

A

Hand washing

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4
Q

Which of the following is the ability of an infectious agent to cause clinical disease?

A

Pathogenicity

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5
Q

CDC stands for the _________________________.

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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6
Q

Which of the following describes sources of nosocomial infections?

A

carpet in a radiation oncology department, Fresh or dried flowers, Pen used to apply marks used on all patients

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7
Q

Which of the following chemical methods of asepsis is applied to the skin?

A

Antiseptic

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8
Q

All of the following statements describe the use of Standard Precautions except which of the following?

A

No hand washing is necessary if using gloves.

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9
Q

Recommended vaccines for health care workers include all except which of the following?

A

all vaccinations are recommended ( Hep B, Varicella, Measles, mumps, rubella, annual flu)

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10
Q

The agency that mandates the minimum level of respiratory protection in caring for those with tuberculosis is known as what?

A

OSHA

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11
Q

Contact spread can be ____________________.

A

both direct or indirect

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12
Q

When should gloves be worn?

A

When blood and body fluids are present

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13
Q

Nosocomial infections affect which of the following?

A

Patients, Health care workers,The public

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14
Q

Which of the following is the term used to indicate the number of antibodies present in a blood sample?

A

Titers

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15
Q

Which of the following is the study of the distribution and determinants of diseases and injuries in the human population?

A

Epidemiology

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16
Q

Infection cycle includes all exceptwhich of the following?

A

Natural immunity

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17
Q

A person who is colonized but not ill is known as a ________________.

A

carrier

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18
Q

What are the five transmission routes that carry disease?

A

Airborne, vector-borne, contact, droplet, common vehicle

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19
Q

What is the most reliable, available, and economical method of destroying microorganisms?

A

Heat

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20
Q

Hepatitis B is a virus transmitted mainly through which of the following?

A

Contact with blood and body fluids

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21
Q

An OSHA-approved respiratory mask is required for use by health care workers at high risk of being exposed to which of the
following?

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

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22
Q

A marker used to apply marks on a patient’s skin should not be used on multiple patients to help prevent which of the following?

A

Transmission of disease

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23
Q

Disease communicated through water supply is an example of which route of transmission?

A

Fomite

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24
Q

Following an accidental needle stick where exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is possible, which of the following
is the most appropriate first response?

A

Decontaminate by using soap and water.

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25
Q

When should Standard Precautions be used?

A

During all patient care procedures

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26
Q

Microorganisms that live on or inside the body without causing disease are referred to as:

A

Pathogens

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27
Q

Bacteria can be classified or grouped based on:

A

staining, oxygen requirements, shape

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28
Q

Microorganisms classified as acid-fast are a type of:

A

Bacteria

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29
Q

Yeasts are a type of:

A

Fungus

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30
Q

Bacterial forms that are resistant to destruction and can remain viable for many years are called

A

Endospores

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31
Q

Tuberculosis, strep throat, and necrotizing fasciitis are diseases caused by:

A

` Bacteria

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32
Q

The term reservoir of infection refers to the:

A

Place where the pathogen resides

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33
Q

The term nosocomial applies to infection that are:

A

Hospital acquired

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34
Q

An object that has been contaminated with a pathogenic organism is called a

A

Fomite

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35
Q

Particles of evaporated droplets containing microorganisms and measuring 5 microns or smaller are called

A

Droplet nuclei

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36
Q

The immunity transferred from mother to child at birth or via breast milk is classified as

A

Passive immunity

37
Q

HAI stands for an infection that was formerly known as:

A

Nosocomial

38
Q

The most complete source of information about infectious disease in the US is the:

A

CDC

39
Q

A gastrointestinal HAI that causes diarrhea and is caused by the Gram-positive spore-forming bacillus is:

A

Clostridium difficile

40
Q

Mucocutaneous Candida, disseminated herpes, cytomegalovirus, and Pneumocytosis carinii pneumonia are all examples of:

A

Opportunistic infections associated with AIDS

41
Q

The risk of contracting HIV from a needle-stick injury is:

A

Less than 1%

42
Q

Which of the following diseases can be prevented by vaccinations?

A

Hep B

43
Q

A particulate respirator is essential for protection from exposure to which of the following diseases?

A

Tuberculosis

44
Q

Under the system of protective precautions, the “dirty” technologist touches the”

A

X-ray equipment

45
Q

Which of the following forms of Hepatitis has neither a vaccine nor prophylaxis?

A

Type C

46
Q

What is the most likely mode of transmission for Hep A?

A

Vehicle or direct contact

47
Q

T/F About 20% of patients receiving antibiotics develop C. difficile.

A

T

48
Q

T/F More than 1 million people in the US are living with HIV infection, and approximately 10% of those are undiagnosed and/or untreated.

A

F

49
Q

T/F You can contract HBV if you have an open wound and touch a contaminated surface.

A

T

50
Q

Which of the following is a governmental agency that legally oversees job safety and health protection of workers?

a. CDC
b. DEA
c. JSHP
d. OSHA

A

OSHA

51
Q

Which of the following viruses has been shown capable of living on environmentally friendly surfaces for as long as 7 days?

a. Human Immunodeficiency
b. Hep B
c. Influenze
d. Rubeola

A

Hep B

52
Q

The term used to describe the number of antibodies present in a blood sample is:

a. Antigen coefficient
b. Globulin factor
c. Immune serum level
d. Titer

A

Titer

53
Q

AN employer must provide particulate respirators to HCWs who must interact with a patient diagnosed with active:

A

Tuberculosis

54
Q

The concept known as universal precautions best applies to:

A

All blood and other certain fluids in all patients

55
Q

What body fluid is not considered potentially infectious according to standard precautions?

A

Sweat

56
Q

Alcohol-based hand rubs are indicated for all of the following clinical situations except:

A

When the hands are visibly soiled

57
Q

T/F Epidemiology is the name for the medical science field That studies the incidence, distribution, and determinants of disease.

A

T

58
Q

T/F An individual who is colonized but shows no immune response in known as a vector.

A

F

59
Q

T/F Carbon dioxide is the gas that has been used for gas sterilization the longest.

A

F

60
Q

T/F Chlorine or chlorine compounds are widely used as disinfectants because they are extremely effective against most microorganisms including HIV and HBV.

A

T

61
Q

T/F When administering an ink tattoo, you can reuse the same ink syringe as long as the needle is changed.

A

F

62
Q

T/F Fingernails are the primary reservoir of microflora on the hands, even after intense washing.

A

T

63
Q

T/F The wearing of gloves does not guarantee safety since they can have manufacturing defects too small to be seen and can be easily torn or punctured.

A

T

64
Q

T/F While gloves should always be removed before answering the phone or operating the console, it is okay to operate the couch controls with your gloves on since you will wipe it down with alcohol wipes between patients anyway.

A

F

65
Q

T/F Bolus can be used on multiple patients as long as it is cleaned with alcohol wipes between uses.

A

F

66
Q

T/F You should never recap a needle, but instead discard it in a sharps container.

A

T

67
Q

Vaccinations are categorized as artificial immunity and can contain killed virus, toxoid, or attenuated live virus.

A

T

68
Q

The earliest vaccine was developed to combat smallpox.

A

T

69
Q

Hand rubs have been found to be more efficacious than soap and water in reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections.

A

T

70
Q

You should always clean from the most contaminated areas to the least contaminated areas

A

F

71
Q

When using bleach, it should be diluted 1:10 with water.

A

T

72
Q

Objects contaminated with blood or body fluids must be discarded in a suitable container and marked with a biohazard symbol.

A

T

73
Q

Specimens to be sent to the lab should be placed in a sealed container, put in a plastic bag, and labeled as biohazardous.

A

T

74
Q

Droplet precautions require special air circulation in the patient’s room.

A

F

75
Q

When preparing to exam a patient in isolation, you should put your gloves on before putting on your mask.

A

F

76
Q

The person to whom the infectious agent is passed is a(n) _____________.

A

host

77
Q

Which of the following terms describes the complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms?

A

Sterilization

78
Q

What is the most important way to prevent the spread of infection?

A

Hand washing

79
Q

Which of the following is the ability of an infectious agent to cause clinical disease?

A

Pathogenicity

80
Q

Which of the following describes sources of nosocomial infections?

a. Carpet in a radiation oncology department
b. Fresh or dried flowers
c. Pen used to apply marks used on all patients
d. Both b and c
e. All of the above

A

All of the above

81
Q

All of the following statements describe the use of Standard Precautions except which of the following?

a. Wear gloves when touching blood and body fluids.
b. No hand washing is necessary if using gloves.
c. Use mouthpieces when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
d. Never recap used needles.

A

No hand washing is necessary if using gloves.

82
Q

Recommended vaccines for health care workers include all except which of the following?

a. Hepatitis B
b. Varicella
c. Measles, mumps, rubella
d. Annual influenza
e. All of the above vaccines are recommended.

A

All of the above vaccines are recommended.

83
Q

The agency that mandates the minimum level of respiratory protection in caring for those with tuberculosis is known as what?

A

OSHA

84
Q

Contact spread can be ____________________.

A

both direct or indirect

85
Q

When should gloves be worn?

A

When blood and body fluids are present

86
Q

Nosocomial infections affect which of the following?

a. Patients
b. Health care workers
c. The public
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above

A

All of the above

87
Q

Which of the following is the term used to indicate the number of antibodies present in a blood sample?

A

Titers

88
Q

Which of the following is the study of the distribution and determinants of diseases and injuries in the human population?

A

Epidemiology

Infection Control (1 decks)

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