Infection Control Flashcards
Acquired immunity
Immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease
Like the flu, pollen, cat dander and ragweed
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Abbrv AIDS; a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system. AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals or other normal harmless substances
Antiseptics
Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the food and drug administration (FDA)
Aseptic procedures
A process if properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination
Asymptomatic
Showing no symtoms or signs of infection
Autoclave
A device for sterilization by steam under pressure
Bacilli
Short rod shaped bacteria. They are the most comma bacteria and produce diseases such as tetnus(lockjaw), tuberculosis, diphtheria
Bacteria
One called microorganism that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful some harmless
Bactericidal
Capable of destroying bacteria
Binary fission
The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells
Bioburden
The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on the surface or object before decontamination or sterilization
Bloodborne pathogens
Disease causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids such as hepatitis and HIV
Body substance isolation
Abbreviated BSI; a system of precautions developed by a Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent contact with bodily substances and fluids by using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable disease
Chelating soaps
Also known as cheating detergents; detergents that breakdown stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs salts and masks
Clean
Also known as cleaning; a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs. Cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection
Cocci
Round shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups. The three types of cocci are staphylococci, streptococci and diplococci
Contagious disease
Also known as communicable disease; a disease that is spread from one person to another person. Some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, pink eye, viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections.
Contamination
The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item surface or visible debris or residues such as dust hair and skin
Cross contamination
Contamination that occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another such as touching skin, then touching a product without washing your hands
Decontamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust hair and skin
Dermatophytes
A type of fungi that causes skin, hair, and nail infections
Diagnosis
Determination of the nature of the disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia
Direct transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking
Disease
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or it’s systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal functions
Disinfectants
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces
Disinfection
Also known as disinfecting; the process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores
Efficacy
The ability to produce an effect
Exposure incident
Contact with non-intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employees duties
Flagella
Also known as cilia; slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and Spirilla for locomotion (moving about)
Folliculitis
INGROWN HAIR Also known as follicular is Barbara, sycosis barbae, or barbers itch. Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a baterial infection from ingrown hairs the. cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods
Fungi (singular fungus)
Microscopic plant parasites, which include molds, mildews, And yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm
Fungicidal
Capable of destroying fungi
Hepatitis
A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver
Hospital disinfectants
Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids
Human immunodeficiency virus
Abbreviated HIV; a pathogen that is most often the precursor to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). By impairing or killing the immune system affected with it, HIV progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infections or certain cancers
Human papillomavirus
Abbreviated HPV and also known as planter warts; a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups
Immunity
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good help
Indirect transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an immediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, Nipper, or an environmental surface
Infection
The invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens
Infection control
The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms
Infectious
Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection
Infectious disease
Disease caused by Pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person
Inflammation
Condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain and swelling
Local infection
An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus
Material safety data sheet
Abbreviated MSDS; information compiled by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and from the flammability warnings
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
Abbreviated MRSA; the type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics
Microorganism
any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size
Mildew
A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon
Motility
Self movement
Multiuse
Also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid
Mycobacterium fortuitum
A microscopic germ that normally exist in tapwater in small numbers
Natural immunity
Immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living
Nonpathogenic
Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm
Non-porous
An item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids
Occupational disease
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated over exposure to certain products or ingredients
Parasites
Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of the organism. Parasites must have a host to survive
Parasitic disease
Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites
Pathogenic
Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body
Pathogenic disease
Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasite
Personal protective equipment
Abbreviated PPE; protective clothing and devices designed to protect an individual from contact with blood-borne pathogen’s; examples include gloves, fluid resistant lab coat, apron, or down, goggles or eye shield, and facemasks that cover the nose and mouth
Phenolic disinfectants
Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants. They are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes
Porous
Made or constructed of a material that has Pores or openings. Porous items are absorbent
Pus
A fluid created by infection
Quarternary ammonium compounds
Also known as quats; disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon
Sanitizing
A chemical process for reducing the number of disease causing germs on clean surfaces to a safe level
Scabies
A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin
Single use
Also known as disposable; items that cannot be used more than once. These items cannot be properly cleaned so that all visible residue is removed, or they are damaged or contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting in exposure incident
Sodium hypochlorite
Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon
Spirilla
Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and lyme disease
Standard precautions
Abbreviated SP; precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment to prevent skin and mucous membranes where contact with the clients blood, body fluids, secretions (except sweat), excretions, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes is likely. Workers must assume that all blood and body fluids are potentially sources of infection regardless of the perceived risk
Staphylococci
Pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils
Sterilization
The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores
Streptococci
Pus forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infection such as strep throat and blood poisoning
Systemic disease
Disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under functioning or over functioning internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system
Tinea pedis
A ringworm fungus of the foot or athletes foot
Tinea versicolor
Also known as sunspots; and noncontagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin and is often found on arms and legs
Toxins
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganism (bacteria and viruses)
Tuberculocidal disinfectants
Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing
Universal precautions
Abbreviated UP; a set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for blood-borne pathogen’s
Virucidal
Capable of destroying viruses
Virus (plural:viruses)
A parasitic submicroscopic particles that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms. A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function
