infection control Flashcards
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
ongoing. chronic condition caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), damage immune system
Aerobic
relate to, or require oxygen
Airborne precautions
require to protect airborne transmissions
Antisepsis
using antiseptic to eliminate microorganisms
autoclave
machine using steam pressure to kill harmful bacteria, virus, fungi, and spores
bacteria
single cell, no nucleus and major cause of disease in humans
bioterrorism
use of microorganisms to bring about ill effects
cavitation
formation of vapor bubbles in liquids in low pressure regions
chain of infection
process by which disease spread from person to person
chemical disinfection
process used to reduce microorganisms and their risk
clean
free from dirt, marks, stains
communicable disease
illness resulting from infection and pathogenic agent
contact precautions
intend to prevent spread of infectious agents
contaminated
made impure by exposure to contaminated substance
disinfection
process to inactivate and eliminate microorganisms
droplet precautions
precaution for patient known or suspect to be affected by respiratory droplets
ebola
severe, orthoebolavirus affect humans and primates
endogenous
internal cause or origin
epidemic
disease occurring widely in particular time
exogenous
external cause or origin
fomites
object likely to carry infection
fungi
spore producing organisms that feed on organic matter
health care associated infection
nosocomial , acquire in hospital
helminths
parasitic worm
hepatitis b
liver, spread through bodily fluid
hepatitis c
liver, spread through bloodstream
infectious agent
agent that cause disease
microorganism
organism, small
mode of transmission
how infectious agent travel
nonpathogens
organisms that don’t harm other organisms
opportunistic
rarely affect patient unless in unusual situation
pandemic
widespread occurrence of disease in multiple regions in world
parasite
org that get food at expense of host
pathogens
microorganism that cause disease
PPE
equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards
portal of entry
where pathogen enter
portal of exit
where pathogen exit
protective isolation
use for seriously immunocompromised patients to prevent infection
reservoir
habitat where agent live and grow
rickettsia
small bacteria, intracellular gram negative, in lice , ticks
standards precautions
apply to all time and location in healthcare
sterile
free of microorganisms
sterilization
process of making something free of bacteria
sterile field
area created to be as free of microorganisms as possible
susceptible host
person at risk
transmission based precautions
control measures used to prevent spread of pathogens
ultrasonic units
produce sound waves above human hearing frequency
viruses
infectious agents that replicate inside host and cause disease
