Infection control Flashcards
Non Communicable Disease
Can’t spread from one person to another
May be an infectious disease or may not be
Communicable Disease
A type of infectious disease
Spread from one person to another
Portals of Exit
-Ways in which infectious agent leaves the reservoir
Blood, secretions, excretions, skin
Modes of Transmission
- Ways in which the infectious agent is spread from the reservoir to the susceptible host
Physical, contact, droplets, airborne
Portals of Entry
Ways in which the infectious agent enters the susceptible host
Mucous membrane, respiratory system, digestive system, broken skin
Susceptible Host
-Individuals may have traits of hat affect their susceptibility and severity of disease
Immune deficiency, diabetes, burns, surgery, age
Infectious agents
- micro-organisms capable of causing disease or illness
Bacteria, fungi, parasites, prions
Reservoirs
- place in which infectious agents live, grow, and reproduce
People, water, food
Microorganism
Living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope
Pathogen
Disease causing microorganism
- grow best at body temperature, in dark, moist areas where there is food and oxygen
Sequence for donning PPE
1.Wash hands
2. Gown
3. Mask
4. Eyewear
5. Gloves
Sequence for removing PPE
- Gloves
- Eyewear
- Gown
- Mask
- Wash hands
Droplet precautions
Some germs can only travel a short distance through the air, usually not more than 3 ft.
- sneezing, coughing, and talking can spread these germs
Airborne transmission
Airborne germs can travel long distances through the air and are breathed in by other people
Examples: TB, chicken pox, measles
BBP
Blood borne pathogen
What does BBP stand for?
Bloodborne Pathogen
Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans.
How can BBP be transmitted?
Through direct or indirect contact with an infected person’s blood or other potentially infectious material
Transmission can occur via various routes, including through mucous membranes and broken skin.
List three ways BBP can be transmitted.
- Eyes
- Mucous membranes that line the mouth and nose
- Areas of broken skin on the body
These routes highlight the importance of protective measures in healthcare and other settings.
Fill in the blank: BBP can be transmitted through _______.
[direct or indirect contact with infected blood or potentially infectious material]
True or False: BBP can only be transmitted through direct contact with blood.
False
BBP can also be transmitted through indirect contact and other routes.
What enhanced precautions should be taken when emptying an indwelling catheter?
Wear gown and gloves
This is essential to prevent infection and maintain hygiene.
When should an indwelling catheter be emptied?
At the end of each shift or when it is ⅔ full
This helps to monitor the patient’s output effectively.
What information should be recorded or reported after emptying a catheter?
- Amount of output
- Color
- Clarity
- Odor
These parameters are crucial for assessing the patient’s health status.
What is required in every workplace regarding exposure incidents?
Every workplace must have an exposure plan.
What is an exposure incident?
An exposure incident occurs when another person’s blood or other potentially infectious material comes into contact with your eyes, mouth, or an opening or break in your skin, or when you experience a needlestick injury.
What are the 4 steps to take immediately if an exposure occurs?
- Decontaminate the area
- Notify the appropriate people
- Seek immediate follow up care
- Complete the necessary documentation
