Infection and response

Question 1

What are pathogens

Answer 1

Microorganisms that enter the body and cause disease

Question 2

How does bacteria make you unwell

Answer 2

By producing toxins that damage our cells and tissues

Question 3

How do viruses make you unwell?

Answer 3

By bursting your cells

Question 4

What are the 3 ways pathogens can be spread

Answer 4

Water
Air
Direct contact

Question 5

What are the 3 ways white blood cells can defend against pathogens

Answer 5

Consuming them
Producing antibodies
Producing antitoxins

Question 8

How do you reduce the spread of disease

Answer 8

Being hygienic
Destroying vectors
Isolating infected individuals
Vaccination

Question 9

How do plants defend against viruses

Answer 9

Waxy cuticles which provides a barrier
Cell wall
Layers of dead skin around stem

Question 10

What are the chemical defences of plants

Answer 10

Antibacterial chemicals
Poisons

Question 11

What are mechanical defences

Answer 11

Thorns and hairs
A droop or curl
They mimic other organisms

Question 12

What is an antibodie

Answer 12

Protein molecules that stick to pathogens

Question 13

How are antibodies produced

Answer 13

By white blood cells called lymphocytes

Question 14

What do we call foreign objects

Answer 14

Antigens

Question 15

What happens when you inject an antigen into a mouse

Answer 15

Lymphocytes will make antibodies to destroy the antigen