infection and response Flashcards
Name the 4 types of pathogen
Protists
Virus
Bacteria
Fungi
Name 3 ways disease spreads
Direct contact
Air
Water
Name 4 ways of preventing infection
Isolation
Decrease vectors
Vaccination
Being hygienic
How is athlete’s foot spread?
Direct contact
What is the name given to an organism that carries pathogens without being infected?
A vector
3 examples of viruses
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
Measles
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
How do viruses reproduce? How does this make us feel ill?
To survive and replicate, they invade host cells (animals or plant cells)
The virus particle inserts its own DNA into the host cell’s DNA, which is then copied and used to make more viruses
Once the new virus particles have been synthesised (made), they cause the cell to burst, releasing the new viruses to invade more cells
The cell damage makes us feel ill
Which of the following commonly infects plants?
a. TMV
b. measles
c. HIV
d. rubella
a. TMV
What are fungi bodies made of?
hyphae (thread-like structures)
Which of the following diseases is caused by a protist?
a. HIV
b. malaria
c. salmonella
d. rose black spot
b. malaria
What kind of acid does the stomach produce?
Hydrochloric acid
What are non-specific defences?
Defences the body has that are not specific to fight against certain types of pathogen
Name 4 non specific defences
Skin Stomach acid Tears Mucus Eye lashes Nose hairs
How does skin protect from pathogens?
Skin is a waterproof barrier that pathogens cannot pass through
How does stomach acid protect from pathogens?
hydrochloric acid destroys any pathogens that enter the stomach
