Infection and Disease Flashcards
Are all bacteria harmful?
No
What is a Pathogen?
A harmful microorganism
How do viruses replicate?
A virus cannot replicate alone; instead, it must infect cells and use components of the host cell to make copies of itself.
What is a virus?
A virus is an infectious microbe consisting of a segment of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat.
Benefits of Bacteria
They help you digest food, protect against infection and even maintain your reproductive health
RATIO of bacteria -cells
10-1
Cons of Bacteria
Bacteria cause a wide variety of diseases such as cholera, typhoid, etc.
They spoil food items.
They decompose food, imparting a foul smell to the environment.
What is the term to describe viruses that spread through contact?
Communicable Disease
What is a vector?
An animal or plant that carries the disease to spread it.
Name the 4 types of diseases?
infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases
Name some communicable diseases?
Influenza
Tuberculosis
HIV/AIDS
Measles
Hepatitis B
Pertussis
Hepatitis A
Poliomyelitis
Lyme disease
Hepatitis C
Malaria
Salmonella
Chlamydia
Rabies
Diphtheria
Gonorrhea
Giardiasis
Brucellosis
Campylobacteriosis
Cryptosporidiosis
Anthrax
Babesiosis
Chikungunya virus infection
Cyclosporiasis
Name some diseases that are non communicable
cancer
diabetes
cardiovascular disease
Alzheimer’s disease
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (also called Lou Gehrig’s disease)
arthritis
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Bell’s palsy
bipolar disorder
birth defects
cerebral palsy
chronic kidney disease
chronic pain
chronic pancreatitis
chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)
clotting/bleeding disorders
congenital hearing loss
Cooley’s anemia (also called beta thalassemia)
Crohn’s disease
depression
Down syndrome
eczema
epilepsy
fetal alcohol syndrome
fibromyalgia
fragile X syndrome (FXS)
hemochromatosis
hemophilia
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
insomnia
jaundice in newborns
kidney disease
lead poisoning
liver disease
muscular dystrophy (MD)
myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS)
myelomeningocele (a type of spina bifida)
obesity
primary thrombocythemia
psoriasis
seizure disorder
sickle cell anemia
sleep disorders
stress
What kills more people NCDS or CDS?
NCDs are responsible for approx 74 percent of all deaths.
What is an enzyme?
A protein that breaks down a large molecule
What is the active site
it is the are of the enzyme that connects with its substrate to break it down.
What is the substrate?
The substrate is the large molecule set to be broken down into smaller molecules- eg starch-glucose.
What does amylase break down?
Starch
