Infection Flashcards
What symptoms can a pneumonia present with?
- productive cough
- green sputum
- Chest pain - pleuritic
- crackles
- dullness to percuss
- dyspneoa + tachypnoea
- tachy cardia
- temperature
What makes something a hospital acquired pneumonia?
-pneumonia acquired after being in hospital for >48hrs.
What is the scoring system for pneumonia?
-CURB 65
Confusion - +/-
Urea <7
Resp rate <30
blood pressure >90/60
age >65
if > 2 points hospitalise, 0-1 treat at home.
What is the most common cause of pneumonia?
-strep pneumoniae
Waht is the most common cause of pneumonia in an alcholic or diabetic?
-klebseilla pneumoniae
What bacteria may also cause neurological disease? (HINT: it’s the one with the dodgey aircon units)
-leigonella pneumophilia
What electrolyte imbalance does leigionella cause?
-hyponatraemia
What atypical pneumonia is/can be accompanied by erythema multiforme?
-mycoplasma pneumoniae
What are is the bacterial pneumonias associated with these diseases.... A) CF B) HIV C) post influenza D) COPD exacerbation
a) pseudomonas auregenosa
b) pneumocytis jivoreccci
c) staph aureus
d) haemophalus influenzae
Treatment for a community acquired pneumonia with a CURB score of 1? What if they have a penicillin allergy?
- amoxicillin
- clari or doxcy
5 days!
Treatment for a severe pneumonia?
-Co-amox + calri or erythro
What is the test for present, latent or previous TB infection?
- Mantox
- TB protein derrivative injected under the skin to see if there is an immune response
What is the gold standard test for TB? What can you do more quickly though?
3 specimen
- sputum culture (1-3 weeks)
- sputum smear test for acid fast bacilli (zeihl-neasson stain)
Treatment of active TB?
RIPE (RI=4, PE=2) Rifamicin Isoniazad Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
Some patients require directly observed therapy
