Infection Flashcards
abx choice for cellulitis
ancef
most common organism for cat bite
pasteurella multocida
Mc organism for human bite
eiknella corroden
mc organism for cat-scratch dz
Bartonella henselae
Abx of choice for bites
augmentin 250-500 mg PO tid
most common organism puncture wound causing cellultiis
staph aureus
most common organism puncture wound causing osteomyelitis
pseuodmonas aeruginosa
sequestrum
piece of dead bone floating in pus/inflammation
Invulcrum
The reactive bone that forms around the necrotic sequestrum is referred to as the involucrum
cloaca
when an opening develop in the invulcrum allowing necrotic purulent material out of bone
if the cloaca extends to skin; opening from the bone to soft tissue, is called what?
sinus tract
Brodie abscess
subacute osteomyelitis; usually found in metaphysis
infection walled off by reactive bone and may remain dormant
mC organism for erysipela
strep pyogenes
MC organism for gas gangrene
Clostridium perfringens
abx for type I open fx
1st gen cephalosporin for 24 hours after closure
abx for type II open fx
1st gen cephalosporin for 24 hours after closure
abx for type III open fx
1st generation cephalosporin for gram positive coverage.
Aminoglycoside (such as gentamicin) for gram negative coverage in type III injuries
the cephalosporin/aminoglycoside should be continued for 24-72 hoursafter the last debridement procedure
abx for open fx with farm injury
penicillin to cover anaerobes
abx for open fx with fresh water wound vs salt water wound
Flouroquinolones- fresh water
doxycycline-salt water
Gram + cocci in chains vs clusters
Chain: strep
Cluster: staph
when an open fracture is contaminated, what gustillo level is it?
automatically type III
Golden period for treatment of puncture wound?
24 hrs
Delay for osteomyelitis changes on XR
14 days, same with stress fx
Which imaging modality is best for a wood foreign body?
MRI
Most common organism in paronychia?
Staph aureus
Most common organism for osteomyelitis in a sickle cell patient?
salmonella
Most common organism for acute burn wounds? chronic burn wounds?
Acute: s. aureus
Chronic: pseudomonas
Duration and route of antibiotic therapy if there is no residual infected tissue?
PO/IV 2-5 days
Duration and route of antibiotic therapy with residual infected soft tissues but not bone?
PO/IV 2-4 weeks
Duration and route of antibiotic therapy for residual infected but viable bone?
PO/IV 4-6 weeks
Duration and route of antibiotic therapy with residual dead bone post-op?
IV and then PO 3+ months
What oral antibiotics have high bioavailability? (6)
Clindamycin Bactrim Doxycycline Monocycline Linezolid Fluoroquinolone
