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MK EMQ Notes > Infection > Flashcards

Infection Flashcards

1
Q

3 most common organisms causing cellulitis

A
  1. Streptococcus pyogenes
  2. Staph. aureus
  3. MRSA
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2
Q

Most likely cause of cellulitis occurring in the orbit

A

Haemophilis influenza

Infection often arises from the adjacent sinuses

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3
Q

Organism –> thrush

A

candida albicans

- white curd discharge

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4
Q

Bacteria that do not show up on gram staining (4)

A

Mycobacteria
Legionella
Chlamydia
Spirochetes

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5
Q

Most common cause of travellers’ diarrhoea

A

Enterotoxigenic E.coli

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6
Q

Typhoid is caused by ???
Spread = ?
Skin may have ?

A

Samonella typhi
F/O
Maculopapular rash - rose spots

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7
Q

C.diff treatment

A

ORAL metronidazole

ORAL vancomycin

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8
Q

Mot common cause of CAP

A

strep. pneumonia

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9
Q

Pneumonia that comes in epidemics every 3/4 years

Atypical presenting features (3)

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Myalgia, arthralgia, headache

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10
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae on CXR

A

Patch consolidation through the lung fields.

Clinical features of the disease does not usually correlated with CXR findings

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11
Q

Relatively rare pneumonia that occurs in elderly patients with other underlying co-morbidities

May present with

  • productive cough of purulent/blood-stained sputum
  • Cavitating pneumo
A

Klebsiella pneumonia

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12
Q

Pneumonia that follows an influenzal viral infection

A

S. aureus

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13
Q

Frequent the cause of I/E of COPD

A

Haemophilus influenza

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14
Q

Gonorrhoea is caused by ??

A

Neisseria gonorrheae

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15
Q

Gonorrhoea presentation in men

A

Purulent urethral discharge (yellow coloured)

Dysuria

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16
Q

Gonorrhoea presentation in women

A 
Often asymptomatic
May:
- vaginal d/c
- pelvic pain 
- Dysuria
Intermtnstrual bleeding
17
Q

Most common STI in the uK

A

Chlamydia

18
Q

Painless, hard ulcer on penis

A

Chancre of primary syphillis

19
Q

Causative organism of syphillis

A

Spirochete Treponema pallidum

20
Q

Clinical features of a CMV infection

A 
Fever
Pneumonitis
Colitis
Hepatits
Retinitis (most common presentation in a patient with AIDS)
CNS disease
21
Q

Prophylaxis against a meningitis for close contacts

A

Ciprofloxacin and rifampicin are both recommended but ciprofloxacin is the preferred choice for most individuals

22
Q

Mumps is a _________

A

paramyxovirus

23
Q

Fever, malaise, lethargy, headache

Pain and swelling of the parotid glands (uni/bilateral)

A

Mumps

24
Q

Fevers, cough, coryza and conjunctivitis

Koplik’s spots (clustered grey lesions in the buccal mucosa adjacent to 2nd molar)

A

Measles

25
Q

Infective endocarditis causative organisms in:

  1. IVDU
  2. Dental work
  3. prosthetic valve
  4. GI problems
A
  1. s.aureus
  2. strep. viridians (part of normal flora of the mouth)
  3. s. epidermidis (more indolent course)
  4. Strep. bovis
26
Q

Septic arthritis causative organisms in:

  1. Young fit adults
  2. Children
  3. Older patients
  4. TB
  5. Prosthetic joint
A
  1. Gonococcal arthritis
  2. Haemophilus influenzae
  3. Staph. aureus
  4. Mycobactrium tuberculosis
  5. Staph. epidermidis
27
Q

Pneumonia in AIDS patient =
____ infection
Presents with dry cough, exertional dyspnoea, fever and malaise

CXR: normal or _________
CT _____

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci
Fungal

Bilateral perihilar interstital shadowing

Ground-glass appearanc

28
Q

Kaposi sarcoma is associated with ?? pathogen

A

Human herpes virus 8 (HHV 8)

29
Q

Fundoscopy findings of CMV retinitis

A

Haemorrhages and exudates

‘Pizza-pie’ appearance

30
Q

Fundoscopy findings of optic atrophy

A

Pale optic disc

Commonly affects diabetics
Presents with decreased visual acuity

31
Q

HIV +
abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
Profuse diarrhoea

A

Cryptosporidosis

32
Q

Osteomyelitis causative organisms

  1. most common
  2. another one
  3. PT with sickle cell anaemia
A
  1. Staphylococcus
  2. Haemophilus influenza
  3. Salmonella

MK EMQ Notes (4 decks)

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