Infection Flashcards
Contamination
wound contains NON-replicating bacteria/other microorganisms
* All chronic wounds contain micro-organisms
Colonized
wound contains REPLICATING microorganisms adherent to the wound but with no injury to the host. indications of infection absent.
* all stage II, III, IV pressure ulcers are colonized
Infection
wound contains REPLICATING microorganisms with damage to teh host.
Infection equals ___
(dose x virulence)/host resistance
What is host resistance influenced by?
nutrition, disease status, medication use.
What is the inflammatory response?
Localized protective responses elicited by injury or destruction of tissues. Serves to destory, dilute or wall off both the injurious agent and the injured tissue.
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
Redness, Swelling, Warmth, Pain (loss of function)
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation in latin?
Rubor, tumor, calore, dolor
Will immunosuppressed patients have an inflammatory response?
No, not necessarily.
Definition of clinical infection
Presence of bacteria/microorganism in sufficient quantity to overwhelm the tissue defenses and produce inflammatory signs of infection. Cardinal signs + potentially purulent drainage and odor.
Local infection
confined to wound and within a few millimeters of wound margins
Systemic infection
extends beyond margins of wound (osteomyelitis, endocarditis, bacteremia, necrotizing fasciitis)
What is necrotizing fascitis?
widespread tissue death, that spreads quickly.
Caused by: Bacterium (Strep A, MRSA)
How do they determine presence/type of bacteria?
By taking a culture
Aerobe
microorganisms living in free oxygen environment
