INFEC

Question 1

A common harbinger of AIDS in patients previously unaware of HIV infection

Answer 1

Pneumocystis pneumonia

Question 2

Community-acquired pneumonia: treatment?

Answer 2

Ceftriaxone and azithromycin

Question 3

CMV infection: the highest risk of transmission is in the third trimester. CMV-related complications observed in infants exposed to the virus in utero include:

Answer 3

Chorioretinitis, sensorineural deafness, seizures, jaundice, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and microcephaly

Question 4

Those with risk factors for INFLUENZA complications should receive…

Answer 4

Antiviral therapy (eg oseltamivir), regardless of symptom duration

Question 5

Febrile neutropenia is a medical emergency. Gram-negative organisms, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are most frequently identified.
Inicial evaluation?

Answer 5

Blood and urine cultures, followed by immediate intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics. Monotherapy with an anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam agent provides both gram-negative and gram-positive coverage.
It avoids progression to severe sepsis and life-threatening complications

Question 6

Sporotrichosis is treated with…

Answer 6

Itraconazole

• cigar-shaped yeast

Question 7

Papule. This primary lesion usually ulcerates but may remain nodular with overlying erythema; drainage from the lesion is not grossly purulent and has no odor. Similar lesions subsequently occur along lymphatic channels proximal to the original lesion. Pain is generally mild and systemic symptoms are typically absent. Activities associated with the development of sporotrichosis include landscaping, rose gardening, and other activities that involve inoculation of soil through the skin. Diagnosis?

Answer 7

Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis

Question 8

The combination of pulmonary, mucocutaneous and reticuloendothelial findings in the correct epidemiologic setting make … more likely than …

Answer 8

Disseminated histoplasmosis

Tuberculosis

Question 9

Patients with HIV who develop progressive disseminated histoplasmosis require …
After 1-2 weeks of clinical improvement, most pacients are switched to …

Answer 9

Intravenous amphotericin B

Oral itraconazole for ≥ 1 year of maintenance therapy

Question 10

Leishmaniose visceral. Tratamento?

Answer 10

Antimoniais pentavalentes
Pentamidinas
Anfotericina B (melhor lipossomal)

Question 11

Leptospirose. TGO e TGP: como ficam?

Answer 11

Levemente elevadas.

Afeta excreção da bilirrubina direta (colestase), não por lesão ao fígado

Question 12

Leptospirose: síndrome de Weil. Insuficiência renal aguda diferente porque…?

Answer 12

Potássio normal, sendo que esperaria ele elevado.

Normo ou hipocalemia (outro caso é anfotericina B, que também não causa hipercalemia na lesão renal)