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Growth And Development > Infants > Flashcards

Infants Flashcards

1
Q

Milestones for infants

A

Establishment of sleep and wake cycle
Social smile starting at 2 months
Drinking from cup starting at 11 months
Separation anxiety starting at 12 months

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2
Q

Average vital signs of an infant

A

Respirations are 40bpm
BP is 90/60
Pulse is 100-118bpm by 1 year

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3
Q

Respirations decrease

A

As the child grows and BP goes up

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4
Q

Thumb sucking

A

Brings comfort and relief from tension

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5
Q

Rooting reflex

A

It is done to make sure the infant is functioning neurologically

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6
Q

Grasp reflex

A

When one touches the palm of the infants hand and flexion occurs

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7
Q

Prehension

A

The ability to grasp objects between fingers and the opposing thumb

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8
Q

Pincer reflex

A

Ability to grasp objects with index and thumb established by age 1

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9
Q

Infants roll over at will at what age?

A

4 months

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10
Q

Infants sit alone steadily with hands forward for support at what age?

A

6 months

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11
Q

At what age can a child’s lift her head and shoulders?

A

2 months

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12
Q

Infants who are consistently picked up when they cry tend to have what?

A

Fewer crying episodes and are less aggressive when they are toddlers

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13
Q

What is the utmost importance in infancy

A

Preventing diseases

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14
Q

Nurses responsibilities

A

Guide parents and assist in the acquisition of necessary skills to ensure the healthy growth and development of their infant

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15
Q

How to calm a colicky infant

A

Hold the infant face down and close to body while supporting the abdomen
Provide a gentle rocking motion

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16
Q

By 4 to 6 months how long can infants sleep

A

Up to 8 hours

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17
Q

How should infants be position for sleep

A

On their backs on a firm mattress to prevent SIDS

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18
Q

How many physical exams due infants have in the first year

A

At least 5

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19
Q

When can solid food be introduced

A

Around 6 months of age

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20
Q

How should new food be introduced

A

Should be introduced separately for at least 3 feedings

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21
Q

When can infants have whole milk

A

After there 1 year Birthday

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22
Q

To determine tolerance to new food

A

Food is introduced in a 4-7 day period

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23
Q

Drinking milk before one can cause?

A

Iron deficiency

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24
Q

A well balanced diet for infants

A

Appropriate fat and cholesterol intake

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25
Q

What is the primary focus on food selection for infants

A

Nutritive value and need

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26
Q

Infants weight change

A

Doubles by 6 months and triples by age 1 year, height increases by 1 inch per month for first 6 months by age 1 increase is mainly in the trunk of the body

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27
Q

Safe bottle feeding

A

Do not heat bottle in microwave

Don’t leave bottle out for more than 1 hour

28
Q

Recommended fat intake during infancy

A

No low fat diets
Infants require almost 3 times more calories per kilogram of weight than adults
By age 6 months the digestive tract has the ability to digest fats present in food

29
Q

Toddlers

A

Age 1-3

30
Q

Toddlers are in Erickson stage of?

A

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

31
Q

Toddlers testing their power by saying no is an example of?

A

Negativism

32
Q

Compulsive routines of simple tasks for toddlers is called

A

Ritualistic

33
Q

When is bowel and bladder control usually complete

A

2.5 to 3 years old

34
Q

Eruptions of deciduous teeth are complete by

A

2.5 years old

35
Q

Normal vital signs of toddlers

A

Respirations 25bpm
BP 90/56
HR 60 to 110 bpm

36
Q

Tantrums

A

Uncontrolled anger reactions

37
Q

Self consoling behaviors

A

Having an item that can soothe an upset child

38
Q

The preschool child

A

3-5 years old

39
Q

Preschool child vitals

A

Respirations 20bpm
HR 90 to 110 bpm
BP 85 to 90/60

40
Q

Centering

A

The tendency to concentrate on a single characteristic of an object while excluding its other features
Intuitive thought stage

41
Q

Animism

A

To attribute life to inanimate objects

42
Q

Artificialism

A

The idea that people created the world and everything in it

43
Q

Parallel play

A

Playing independently within a group

44
Q

Associative play

A

Playing in loosely associated groups

45
Q

Erickson stages

A

Trust vs mistrust-infants
Autonomy vs shame and doubt-toddlers
Initiative vs guilt-preschool

46
Q

What is the definition of an infant

A

0-12months

47
Q

Safety precautions when caring for an infant

A

Rear facing car seats, never leave unattended on a flat surface, appropriate Toys to avoid choking

48
Q

Motor skills of an average 2 year old

A

Can teach things, put puzzles together

49
Q

Tablespoon rule for determining portion size

A

1 tablespoon per each food the per year of child

50
Q

Inappropriate snacks for toddlers

A

Sweats

51
Q

Maximum amount of milk

A

24 oz

52
Q

Time out rules

A

1 min of time per age

53
Q

Average attention span of a toddler

A

Brief

54
Q

3 year old

A

Control of body functions, prepping to enter school, cooperative and parallel play

55
Q

4 year old

A

Aggressive, competitive, can tie shoe, imaginary friends

56
Q

5 year old

A

Enjoy doing what is expected, completes task, had more patience

57
Q

At what age is a child most likely to have an imaginary friend

A

4 years old they use them as a scapegoat and for comfort someone to confine in and tell secretes to

58
Q

General principles of sex education for children

A

Not to do it on others or let others do it to them

59
Q

What should be taught about masturbation

A

Normal mainly curiosity use a distraction instead of trying to yell at the child about doing it and let them know that it is inappropriate in public

60
Q

Receptive language delay

A

Can understand no at 11 months should understand no by 9 months

61
Q

What is an expressive language delay

A

3 year olds should talk not point

62
Q

What fears are typical

A

They are afraid of the dark, fear of animals, fear of strangers and fear of bodily harm

63
Q

Therapeutic play

A

Helps to retain muscles l, improve hand and eye coordination, help children to walk and crawl

64
Q

Anal stage

A

Learning to give and take

65
Q

Phalic stage

A

Becoming aware of self as a sexual being

66
Q

Suggestions for a parent who is having a hard time getting there child to fall asleep

A

Coming up with a bedtime routine, one nap a day until end of second year when naps can be eliminated

Growth And Development (1 decks)

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