Infant Reflexes Flashcards
What are the three classifications of reflexes?
Primitive, tonic/attitudinal, postural reactions
What is the neonatal stepping reflex?
Primitive reflex. When the infants legs are put in contact with a surface they will put one leg in front of the other to try and walk
When is the neonatal reflex present/dissaear and why?
Present from birth but disappears around 6 weeks due to increased ration of leg weight to strength ratio
What is the moro reflex?
Primitive reflex. The legs and head extend while the arms jerk up and out with the palms up and thumbs flexed. Shortly afterward the arms are brought together and the hands clench into fists, and the infant cries loudly
What is the timeframe for the moro reflex?
Present at birth peaks at 1 month and tends to disappear around 3-4 months
What is the rooting reflex?
Primitive reflex that assists in breastfeeding. The infant will turn towards anything that strokes its cheek or mouthpresent at birth and integrates at 3-4 months
What is the timeframe for the rooting reflex?
appears at birth, integrates around 3-4 months
What is the palmar grasp reflex?
Primitive reflex. When pressure is applied to palm infant will grasp it with a palmar grasp
What is the timeframe for the palmar grasp reflex?
present at birth, integrated at 4-6 months
What is the plantar grasp reflex?
Primitive reflex. When there is pressure to the balls of feet under toes the foot PF and toes curl.
What is the timeframe for the plantar grasp reflex?
present at birth integrates around 9 months
flexor withdrawal reflex?
if there is noxious stimuli, infant will flex to withdraw
what is a dominant response?
reflex dominates the child’s movement; elicited repeatedly with minimal stimulus
What is a complete response?
All components of response, but not consistent
What is an incomplete response?
some component of the stereotypes response but inconsistent
What is an integrated response?
steroetyped response NOT elicited, voluntary movement present
What does abnormal expression of the primitive reflexes reflect?
Integrity of the CNS
What is the ATNR reflex?
With head rotation, skull limb flexes and jaw limb extends
What is the time frame for the ATNR reflex?
present at birth, integrates around 4-6 months
What is the STNR?
Symmetric tonic neck reflex. With neck flexion, UE flexion and LE extension. With neck extension, UE extension LE flexion
What is the time frame for the STNR?
4-12 months is normal time frame for the STNR to be present, Should be integreated by 12 months
What is the positive support reflex?
Increased extensor tone in LE when legs are placed on surface to maintain balance
What is the time frame for the Positive support reflex?
3-8 months. 8 months and the reflex should be integrated and infant should have volitional control of LE
What is the MAI?
Motor assessment Index for high risk infants
How do you score the MAI?
1-4 for each relfex 1 being integrated and 4 being dominant
5 righting reactions
optical righting labyrinth righting body on head neck on body body on body
What is the optical righting reaction?
if body is turned, head will turn to keep eyes at midline.
visual info helps orient head
What is the labyrinth righting.
If eyes are closed, head will orient to midline for vestibular reaction
What is the body on head reaction?
tactile and neck proprioceptive info used to orient head to midline
What is the neck on body reaction?
If the head is turned the body will follow it
What is the body on body reaction?
If the lower body is turned, the upper half and neck will follow
What are the time frames for the NOB/BOB reactions
Appear around 4-6 months and integrate around 5 years
