infant BIOLOGICAL DEV.

Question 1

the perception of depth produced by the reception in the brain of visual stimuli from both eyes in combination; binocular vision

Answer 1

STEREOPSOSIS - begins to develop by age 7-9 months

Question 2

when does STEREOPSOS begin to develop

Answer 2

7-9 months

Question 3

this is immature at birth; human milk compensates for the 1st several months

Answer 3

digestive process

Question 4

how does an infant compensate for an immature digestive process?

Answer 4

by human milk

Question 5

until what age an infant receives maternal protection / immunologic system

Answer 5

until about 3 months of age

Question 6

rate that begins to slow in infants ; is a relatively stable

Answer 6

respiratory rate

Question 7

kind of HR that increases with inspiration, decreases with expiration

Answer 7

SINUS ARRYTHMIA

Question 8

Fixation of 2 ocular images into 1 cerebral image

Answer 8

fusion

Question 9

at what age does binocularity begin to develop

Answer 9

by 6 weeks

Question 10

at what age does binocularity should be well established

Answer 10

by 4 months

Question 11

duration of the presence of fetal hemoglobin (hemapoietic changes)

Answer 11

first 5 months

Question 12

for infants, looking at the human face

Answer 12

visual preferences

Question 13

this is caused by high levels of fetal hemoglobin, which is thought to depress the production of erythropoietin

Answer 13

physiological anemia

Question 14

what caused physiological anemia

Answer 14

high levels of fetal hemoglobin

Question 15

during infancy, this rate slows down, with sinus arrhythmia commonly seen

Answer 15

heart rate

Question 16

rate increases during infancy, is relatively stable

Answer 16

resp rate

Question 17

term often used to denote breast-feeding

Answer 17

sucklin

Question 18

propelling forward on hands, and knees with belly off floor

Answer 18

creeping

Question 19

when does creeping usually occur

Answer 19

at around 9 months

Question 20

enzyme needed to achieve adult levels of fat absorption

Answer 20

lipase

Question 21

in infants, this enzyme sufficiently secreted to catabolize protein

Answer 21

trypsin

Question 22

this appears in utero as early as 15-18 wks of gestation with maturation, synchronized with swallowing and breathin patterns by 36-38 wks

Answer 22

sucking

Question 23

when does sucking appear?

Answer 23

in utero, 15-18 wks of gestation

Question 24

complete maturation of sucking, swallowing, & breathing patterns are usually synchronized by

Answer 24

36-38 wks

Question 25

somatic reflex in which the tongue remains behind the central incisors and the mandible no longer thrusts forward; tongue pressure & movement against the hard palate push the food back into the pharynx

Answer 25

mature swallow reflex

Question 26

elicit postural responses of flexion / extension that are responsible for MOTOR activities

Answer 26

righting reflex

Question 27

examples of motor activities

Answer 27

rolling over
assuming the crawl position
maintaining normal head-trunk-limb alignment during activities

Question 28

elicit postural responses

Answer 28

righting reflex

Question 29

visceral reflex in which food lies in a shallow groove on top of the tongue and the fluid flows by gravity down the tongue and along the sides of the mouth;

efficient for fluids but NOT for solids

Answer 29

INFANTILE Swallow reflex

Question 30

this structure predisposes the infant to dehydration

Answer 30

renal structure

Question 31

when is the complete maturity of the renal structure

Answer 31

during the latter half of the 2nd year

Question 32

in infants, shivering is

Answer 32

thermogenesis

Question 33

a special reflex exhibited by infants when a puff of air is directed at the face

Answer 33

SANTMYER SWALLOW

Question 34

The symmetric tonic neck reflex, which is evoked by flexing or extending the neck, helps the infant assume this position

Answer 34

CRAWL position

Question 35

reflex to elicit crawl position

Answer 35

symmetric tonic neck reflex

Question 36

how to evoked symmetric tonic neck reflex

Answer 36

flex or extend the neck to assume crawl position

Question 37

system that is adequately developed at birth;

but functions are immature

Answer 37

endocrine system

Question 38

more efficient during infancy than in the newborn stage

Answer 38

THERMOREGULATION