inequality case studies Flashcards
what is absolute poverty in the uk? how does this compare to relitive poverty?
in 2023
- absolute poverty was 13%
- relitive poverty was 22%
what country has the highest gini coefficient? what is it?
- south africa
- gini coefficient of 0.63
what is youth employment in South Africa? what was overall unemployment estimated to be?
- 50%
- 32.6% (44% if it included individuals who were economically innactive)
how much of total income is held by the top 10% in south africa?
52%
how much of wealth in south africa is held by the top 0.01% of people?
- 15% of all wealth in south africa is heald by the top 0.01%
what is the rate of increase of asset prices in south africa?
18% since 1999 (growth as slowed recently
what % of south african workers are potentially automatable in the future?
- 35%
what is the south african minimum wage? how is it believed to have helped inequality?
- 1.45 dollars
- believed to have reduced the gini coefficent by around 2%
What % of GDP is generated by multinationals?
1/3
in 2017 how much did the UK government estimate that multinationals had avoided in tax?
£6 billion
what did the US implement on mulrinational firms who engadged in tax avoidance.
- in 2018 US placed a one of tax on US firms after it foung that almost $2.6tn was being held offshore
what is average investment over the past two decades in south africa?
2.9% of GDP
give evidence that suggests poor education in south africa?
- about half of students drop out before leaving secondary school
- 1 in 5 can read by the age of 10
how has the contraception prevelance rate changed in bangladesh?
- increased form 8% in 1975 to 62% in 2014
Give an example of when poor infrastructure is substituted by FDI.
- chinese investment into developing african countries
- in 2019, chinese FDI stock in africa totalled $110 bn
