Industry and Socialism in the 19th Century Flashcards
What are Britain’s advanced textiles and resources?
Natural resources - water and wool, made more than they bought, higher quality and lower cost, Exploited India and American labor
Big Picture
Liberalism and Nationalism are powerful but Conservatism is where the real military power is, it is just a series of revolutions that don’t work but the ideas were born and didn’t die, they had to wait until 1918
What was the industry distribution like?
Industry on the continent was on the countryside and there was an increase in the number of steam engines
When industrialism increased what happened to Europe’s population?
The population increased and it was moved to a more capitalist society where people now had to purchase food instead of farm it
Was the West or East more developed?
The West was more developed and the East was more farming based
Which nation had a police force?
None of them
What happens when there is a poor harvest?
Irish potato famine and it causes people to move from the country to the city to look for a job
Railroad Building
People could leave their birthplace earlier and there was a shortage of consumer goods and the middle class suffered. There was more iron and steel needed than wood
The labor force
Rich, poor, men, women, and children. it became very mechanized and they needed less skilled workers and the factories were bigger and less family like. They started to make standard sizes and there were lower wages and lower production costs
Who were the luddites?
People that saw the industry becoming more mechanized and in fear of losing their jobs would sometimes sabotage machines because they were facing unemployment
Proletarianization
People exchanging labor for monetary compensation, lost control in the factory, submission to factory discipline, they had no control over quality, price, or quantity of the product
What is a cottage industry?
Small family owned factories that couldn’t compete with large factories
What effect did Industrialization have on urban artisans?
They were still needed even with factories though they were threatened by organization of production and they couldn’t organize into guilds or labor unions and as time went on they couldn’t compete with large factories
London Working Men’s Association
William Lovet formed it, it was a labor union that issued the charter
The chartist movement and the charter
Skilled artisans joined the peoples charter, the six points are universal male suffrage, annual elections in the house of commons, the secret ballot, equal electoral districts, no property qualifications for members of the house of commons, salaries for the house of commons. Feargus O’Connor made speeches about needing to revolt but in the end it failed because it was split between violent and non-violent. The movement faded because the economy got better but eventually the six acts were enacted into the law.
