Industry, academia, and clinical realities Flashcards
What are muscle and cortical interfaces?
connections
interaction
brain’s cortex <–>muscle activity
What are common muscle interfaces used in non-invasive applications?
sEMG
Meta EMG wristband
SAE
What are the interfaces used in invasive applications for prosthetic devices?
iEMG –> implantable sensor
FES = functional electrical stimulation + iBCI system
intracortical brain-computer interface
What is motor unit conduction velocity (MUCV)?
EMG-derived parameter
propagation velocity of APs along the muscle fibers innervated by individual MNs
What is muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV)?
EMG-derived parameter that reflects the average propagation velocity of action potentials along the sarcolemma of muscle fibers innervated by individual motor neurons
How is maximum Force development (MFD) used in non-invasive interface?
estimated from MUCV (derived from EMG)
What are some basic ideas for using AI in neural control studies and applications?
Motor Unit Decomposition and Tracking –> BSS: ICA
Decoding Algorithms Estimate Intended Movements From Neural Activity
ML alg for pattern recognition
DL models: CNN, ANN, … for learning about neural control e.g. dynamics of human hand
What would you use to restore motor function and when?
motor and communication brain-machine interfaces
Motor –> robotic/paralyzed limb
Communication –> computer interfaces
What is MUAP?
What is MUAPT?
Motor unit action potential train
What are the important characteristics of MUAPT?
Frequency
Amplitude
Duration
InterspikeInterval
Why are MUAPT frequency and pattern important?
Useful in understanding nervous system control e.g.
Diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders
Research in physiology, training adaptation, and more
What is Spike Triggered Averaging?
extract MUAP shape of a MU
averaging EMG signal present inside a window around the times of spike occurrences of the respective MU for each channel
What is spatial plotting?
RMS amplitudes of MUAP of each identified MU across the channel
in a matrix acc to the position in the electrode grid
–> MU location
How is Spatial Territory of MUs evaluated?
Standard Distance –> measure the spatial dispersion of MUs
Plot
centroid coordinates of MUs
Mean center of all centroids
SD
Smaller, localized →generally fine movement
Larger, dispersed →powerful movements
How does Correlation analysis between signals work?
compute correlation coefficients
visual inspection of signals
positive: As one variable increases, the other tends to increase
negative: opposite behavior
