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Geography Year 9 > Industry > Flashcards

Industry Flashcards

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1
Q

Give definition and examples of a primary industry

A

Collect or produce natural resources from land or sea

  • Farming
  • Fishing
  • Forestry
  • Mining
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2
Q

Give definition and examples of a secondary industry

A

Making things from raw materials or assembling parts. Also known as manufacturing

*Steel making
* House building
* Car assembly

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3
Q

Give definition and examples of a tertiary industry

A

Provide a services. Also known as service industry

  • Teachers
  • Nurses
  • Shop assistants
  • Entertainers
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4
Q

What is the definition of arable farming?

A

Ploughing land and growing crops

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5
Q

What is the definition of pastoral farming?

A

Land is left as grass for animals to graze

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6
Q

What is the definition of mixed farming?

A

Crops are grown and animals are reared in the same area.

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7
Q

What are the 3 physical factors that affect farming?

A
  1. Climate
  2. Soil
  3. Relief
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8
Q

What are the 6 Human factors that affect farming

A
  1. Farm size
  2. Technology
  3. Machinery
  4. Distance from markets
  5. Market Demand
  6. Transport
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9
Q

Give the definition of agribusiness

A

A farm that is run by a company that has the money needed to invest in new farming methods and is run by a professional manager.

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10
Q

What were the original 6 factors that were important in choosing the best site for a factory?

A
  1. Raw materials
  2. Power
  3. Labour/People
  4. Market
  5. Transport
  6. Site (land)
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11
Q

Give the definition of “just-in-time” system (including advantages and disadvantages)

A

Components supplied minutes before they are needed

Advantages
* Money isn’t tied up in stock meaning it can be used elsewhere
* Less storage space needed which reduces costs
* Reduced wastage as less risk of stock going out of date/fashion
* Lower stock easier to manange and less risk of theft
Disadvantages
* Delay in receiving stock from suppliers may mean production has to stop
* Lose out on discounts due to larger orders
* Increase administration and delivery costs due to more frequent deliveries
* Difficult to cope with unexpected changes in demand
* Carbon footprint increased due to more deliveries damaging image of the company.

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12
Q

Give the definition of a “tourist”

A

People who travel for pleasure

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13
Q

What are the 4 reasons for tourism growth?

A
  1. People are earning more money and have more free time.
  2. Transport between places has become cheaper, faster and easier.
  3. Wider range or destinations and activities - seen on TV or adverts
  4. Package holidays that include the cost of transport, accomodation and meals
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14
Q

Give examples of some high-tech companies

A

Canon
HP
GSK
IBM
Apple
Fujitsu

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15
Q

What are the 6 factors important in where high-tech firms like to be located?

A
  1. Near to motorways/good roads
  2. Near to highly qualified/skilled workers
  3. Near to research facilities in universities
  4. Near to pleasant housing/open space
  5. Near to attractive countryside/good leisure facilities
  6. Neat to an airport for international links
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16
Q

What are the advantages of science and business parks

A
  1. Modern buildings with central heating, airconditioning and large windows
  2. Buildings with lots of space
  3. Large car parking areas
  4. Good landscaping
  5. Near good roads for easy access
  6. Near other firms to exchange ideas and information
  7. Leisure faciilties and support services can be shared
  8. Help to build up a pool of skilled people.
17
Q

What are the disadvantages of science and business parks

A
  1. Overuse of cars can cause congestion at busy times.
  2. Edge of town sites can be far from shops and services in the town centre
  3. Firms may prefer to be by themselves to keep their ideas a secret.
  4. It may be difficult to find enough skilled workers
18
Q

What is the definition of a “sunrise” industry?

A

Industries that are growing in importance

19
Q

What is the definition of a “sunset” industry?

A

Industries that are declining in importance

20
Q

Where are the 3 areas within the UK where you can find high-tech industries?

A
  1. M4 corridor following the motorway west of London (Silicon Strip)
  2. Silicon Glen (Central Scotland)
  3. Silicon Fen (In and around Cambridge)
21
Q

What are the advantages of tourism?

A
  • Can bring improvment in standard of living by creating jobs
  • Can bring improvment in the quality of the environment by enabling new schools/hospitals and roads to be built.
22
Q

What are the disadvantages of tourism?

A
  • Can affect the local environment and its scenery/vegetation/wildlife
  • Tourists can cause overcrowding/noise/litter
  • Tourists may get drunk/use drugs
  • Jobs are seasonal, unskilled and poorly paid.
  • Shopping gets more expensive
  • Local culture and traditions are lost.

Geography Year 9 (4 decks)

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