Industrialization Vocab

Question 1

Tenement

Answer 1

Overcrowded, slum housing

Question 2

Rural

Answer 2

Areas where not many people live
In “the country”
These areas are always shrinking

Question 3

Industrialization

Answer 3

Making stuff with machines in big factories

Mass production

Question 4

Capitalism

Answer 4

CAPITAL=MONEY
Businesses competing to make money
Laissez Faire, Market Economy

Question 5

Agrarian

Answer 5

Related to farming

Question 6

Mechanization

Answer 6

Producing stuff with machines

Automation

Question 7

Industry

Answer 7

The business of making things

Question 8

*Laissez-faire

Answer 8

An enlightenment philosophy
Means “Hands Off”–the government stays out of businesses way, and lets them direct their own course
Capitalism, Market Economy

Question 9

Social Darwanism

Answer 9

Survival of the fittest
Only the strong survive—everyone is competing against everyone else

Example: small businesses can’t compete with bigger ones, so they just go out of business

Question 10

corporation

Answer 10

business that is owned by many people not just one person

Example: Walmart, Sony, Ford, etc.

Question 11

Monopoly/Trust

Answer 11

One company is the only place you can get a certain good or service
No competition
Example: Standard Oil, U.S. Steel

Question 12

Sherman Antitrust act

Answer 12

1st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies

Question 13

Efficiency

Answer 13

Eliminating waste:
Eliminating wasted time, money, energy, resources, etc.
Example: taking the shortest route to get somewhere

Question 14

Productivity

Answer 14

Measure of inputs vs outputs
If you produce more with the same amount of resources or less, your productivity goes UP
Example: today you 10 workers produce 10 cars; tomorrow, the same 10 workers produce 15 cars. Productivity went up.

Question 15

Specialization

Answer 15

Getting really good at producing or doing ONE thing.

Examples: a kicker on a football team; a line worker who just bolts on the front left tire of a car

Question 16

Interdependence

Answer 16

Two or more things that need each other to work. Example:
Steel Companies need railroads to ship their steel around the country
Railroads need steel to make their tracks, trains, bridges, etc. THEY NEED EACH OTHER
This is a result of specialization

Question 17

Immigration

Answer 17

People Moving Into a country

Example: a person moves here from Italy or Mexico

Question 18

Emigration

Answer 18

People Leaving a country

The Opposite of immigration

Question 19

Migration

Answer 19

Moving within a country

Question 20

Nativism

Answer 20

Showing favoritism toward non-immigrants (“natives”)
Has NOTHING to do with American Indians!
Example: refusing to hire immigrants

Question 21

Urbanization

Answer 21

Cities getting bigger

Urban = City

Question 22

Political corruption

Answer 22

• Using a position of power to cheat and

make money

Question 23

Suburbs

Answer 23

Communities just outside of cities—not as
densely populated, but not rural
• EX: Pickerington, Westerville, Dublin

Question 24

Policy

Answer 24

A course of action
• It answers the question: “How are we
going to do things?”
Example: “Late to class, no hall pass”

Question 25

Legislation

Answer 25

Laws OR Law-making
• Examples: The Affordable
Healthcare Act, Sherman Antitrust
Act

Question 26

Antitrust legislation

Answer 26

• Laws against

monopolies/trusts

Question 27

Labor

Answer 27

Work OR Workers
• Example: coal miners, teachers, steel
workers, auto workers, etc.

Question 28

*Labor Union/ Labor

Organization/Organized Labor

Answer 28

workers that get together (organize)
for better wages, working
conditions, and hours
» EXAMPLES: United Autoworkers, Ohio Education
Association

Question 29

Collective Bargaining

Answer 29

Workers banding together to negotiate
with managers for better pay, working
conditions, and hours
• What labor unions do

Question 30

Great Railroad Strike 1877

Answer 30

Riots against Railroads
• No Unions Involved
• Led to the formation of Labor Unions
• Local, State, & Federal Militias called in to
end the violence

Question 31

Pullman strike 1894

Answer 31

Nationwide strike by the American Railway
Union
• Striking against the Pullman Company
• Lots of rioting

Question 32

Homestead Strike 1892

Answer 32

Strike of US Steel workers
• There was gun fight between workers and
strikebreakers
• Led to a decline in union membership

Question 33

Haymarket riot 1886

Answer 33

Chicago labor protest turned where there

was a bombing & a riot

Question 34

Unregulated working conditions

Answer 34

• Unregulated=no government oversight
• Working conditions=what the environment
is like at your work
– Mostly related to safety
• Unregulated working conditions means the
government doesn’t tell businesses what
the environment at work must be like

Question 35

Middle Class

Answer 35

People who work but have a good amount
of money and a relatively high standard of
living

Question 36

Labor Legislation

Answer 36

Laws about work. Often about unions

Question 37

Business Regulation

Answer 37

The government telling businesses what
they can and cannot do
• EXAMPLES: Minimum wage, Meat
Inspection Act

Question 38

Political Parties

Answer 38

Groups that try to run the government
– REPUBLICANS
– DEMOCRATS
– GREEN PARTY
– LIBERTARIAN PARTY

Question 39

Interest Groups

Answer 39

A group of people who want something in
common from the government–a
particular thing is “of interest” to them.
Examples?

Question 40

Public oppinion

Answer 40

what the people think

Question 41

The media

Answer 41

The forms of mass communication
–Newspapers
–TV
–Magazines
–Radio

Question 42

Leisure

Answer 42

Free Time–used for enjoyment or relaxing

Question 43

Standard Of Living

Answer 43

How hard or easy your life is—the easier

life is, the higher your standard of living