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U.S. History > Industrialization Lesson 2 > Flashcards

Industrialization Lesson 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Tenement

A

Overcrowded, slum housing

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2
Q

Rural

A

Areas where not many people live
In “the country”
These areas are always shrinking

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3
Q

Industrialization

A

Making stuff with machines in big factories

Mass production

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4
Q

Capitalism

A

CAPITAL=MONEY
Businesses competing to make money
Laissez Faire, Market Economy

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5
Q

Agrarian

A

Related to farming

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6
Q

Mechanization

A

Producing stuff with machines

Automation

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7
Q

Industry

A

The business of making things

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8
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Survival of the fittest

Only the strong survive—everyone is competing against everyone else

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9
Q

Corporation

A

business that is owned by many people not just one person

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10
Q

Monopoly/Trust

A

One company is the only place you can get a certain good or service
No competition

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11
Q

Laissez-faire

A

An enlightenment philosophy
Means “Hands Off”–the government stays out of businesses way, and lets them direct their own course
Capitalism, Market Economy

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12
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A

1st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies

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13
Q

Efficiency

A

Eliminating waste:
Eliminating wasted time, money, energy, resources, etc.
Example: taking the shortest route to get somewhere

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14
Q

Productivity

A

Measure of inputs vs outputs
If you produce more with the same amount of resources or less, your productivity goes UP
Example: today you 10 workers produce 10 cars; tomorrow, the same 10 workers produce 15 cars. Productivity went up.

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15
Q

Specialization

A

Getting really good at producing or doing ONE thing.

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16
Q

Interdependence

A

Two or more things that need each other to work. Example:
Steel Companies need railroads to ship their steel around the country
Railroads need steel to make their tracks, trains, bridges, etc. THEY NEED EACH OTHER
This is a result of specialization

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17
Q

Immigration

A

People Moving Into a country

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18
Q

Emigration

A

People Leaving a country

The Opposite of immigration

19
Q

Migration

A

Moving within a country

20
Q

Nativism

A

Showing favoritism toward non-immigrants (“natives”)
Has NOTHING to do with American Indians!
Example: refusing to hire immigrants

21
Q

Urbanization

A

Cities getting bigger

22
Q

Political Corruption

A

Using a position of power to cheat and make money

23
Q

Suburbs

A

Communities just outside of cities—not as densely populated, but not rural

24
Q

Policy

A

A course of action
It answers the question: “How are we going to do things?”
Example: “Late to class, no hall pass”

25
Q

Legislation

A

Laws OR Law-making

Examples: The Affordable Healthcare Act, Sherman Antitrust Act

26
Q

Antitrust Legislation

A

Laws against monopolies/trusts

27
Q

Labor

A

Work OR Workers

28
Q

Labor Union/ Labor Organization/Organized Labor

A

workers that get together (organize) for better wages, working conditions, and hours

29
Q

Collective Bargaining

A

Workers banding together to negotiate with managers for better pay, working conditions, and hours
What labor unions do

30
Q

Great Railroad Strike (1877)

A

Riots against Railroads
No Unions Involved
Led to the formation of Labor Unions
Local, State, & Federal Militias called in to end the violence

31
Q

Pullman Strike (1894)

A

Nationwide strike by the American Railway Union
Striking against the Pullman Company
Lots of rioting

32
Q

Homestead Strike (1892)

A

Strike of US Steelworkers
There was gunfight between workers and strikebreakers
Led to a decline in union membership

33
Q

Haymarket Riot (1886)

A

Chicago labor protest turned where there was a bombing & a riot

34
Q

Unregulated /Unregulated Working Conditions

A

Unregulated=no government oversight
Working conditions=what the environment is like at your work
Mostly related to safety
Unregulated working conditions means the government doesn’t tell businesses what the environment at work must be like

35
Q

Middle Class

A

People who work but have a good amount of money and a relatively high standard of living

36
Q

Labor Legislation

A

Laws about work. Often about unions

37
Q

Business regulation

A

The government telling businesses what they can and cannot do

38
Q

Political Parties

A 
Groups that try to run the government 
REPUBLICANS
DEMOCRATS
GREEN PARTY
LIBERTARIAN PARTY
39
Q

Interest Groups

A

A group of people who want something in common from the government–a particular thing is “of interest” to them. Examples?

40
Q

Public Opinion

A

What the people think

41
Q

The Media

A 
The forms of mass communication 
Newspapers
TV 
Magazines 
Radio
42
Q

Leisure

A

Free Time–used for enjoyment or relaxing

43
Q

Standard of Living

A

How hard or easy your life is—the easier life is, the higher your standard of living

U.S. History (10 decks)

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