Industrialization Lesson 2

Question 1

Tenement

Answer 1

Overcrowded, slum housing

Question 2

Rural

Answer 2

Areas where not many people live
In “the country”
These areas are always shrinking

Question 3

Industrialization

Answer 3

Making stuff with machines in big factories

Mass production

Question 4

Capitalism

Answer 4

CAPITAL=MONEY
Businesses competing to make money
Laissez Faire, Market Economy

Question 5

Agrarian

Answer 5

Related to farming

Question 6

Mechanization

Answer 6

Producing stuff with machines

Automation

Question 7

Industry

Answer 7

The business of making things

Question 8

Social Darwinism

Answer 8

Survival of the fittest

Only the strong survive—everyone is competing against everyone else

Question 9

Corporation

Answer 9

business that is owned by many people not just one person

Question 10

Monopoly/Trust

Answer 10

One company is the only place you can get a certain good or service
No competition

Question 11

Laissez-faire

Answer 11

An enlightenment philosophy
Means “Hands Off”–the government stays out of businesses way, and lets them direct their own course
Capitalism, Market Economy

Question 12

Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 12

1st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies

Question 13

Efficiency

Answer 13

Eliminating waste:
Eliminating wasted time, money, energy, resources, etc.
Example: taking the shortest route to get somewhere

Question 14

Productivity

Answer 14

Measure of inputs vs outputs
If you produce more with the same amount of resources or less, your productivity goes UP
Example: today you 10 workers produce 10 cars; tomorrow, the same 10 workers produce 15 cars. Productivity went up.

Question 15

Specialization

Answer 15

Getting really good at producing or doing ONE thing.

Question 16

Interdependence

Answer 16

Two or more things that need each other to work. Example:
Steel Companies need railroads to ship their steel around the country
Railroads need steel to make their tracks, trains, bridges, etc. THEY NEED EACH OTHER
This is a result of specialization

Question 17

Immigration

Answer 17

People Moving Into a country

Question 18

Emigration

Answer 18

People Leaving a country

The Opposite of immigration

Question 19

Migration

Answer 19

Moving within a country

Question 20

Nativism

Answer 20

Showing favoritism toward non-immigrants (“natives”)
Has NOTHING to do with American Indians!
Example: refusing to hire immigrants

Question 21

Urbanization

Answer 21

Cities getting bigger

Question 22

Political Corruption

Answer 22

Using a position of power to cheat and make money

Question 23

Suburbs

Answer 23

Communities just outside of cities—not as densely populated, but not rural

Question 24

Policy

Answer 24

A course of action
It answers the question: “How are we going to do things?”
Example: “Late to class, no hall pass”

Question 25

Legislation

Answer 25

Laws OR Law-making

Examples: The Affordable Healthcare Act, Sherman Antitrust Act

Question 26

Antitrust Legislation

Answer 26

Laws against monopolies/trusts

Question 27

Labor

Answer 27

Work OR Workers

Question 28

Labor Union/ Labor Organization/Organized Labor

Answer 28

workers that get together (organize) for better wages, working conditions, and hours

Question 29

Collective Bargaining

Answer 29

Workers banding together to negotiate with managers for better pay, working conditions, and hours
What labor unions do

Question 30

Great Railroad Strike (1877)

Answer 30

Riots against Railroads
No Unions Involved
Led to the formation of Labor Unions
Local, State, & Federal Militias called in to end the violence

Question 31

Pullman Strike (1894)

Answer 31

Nationwide strike by the American Railway Union
Striking against the Pullman Company
Lots of rioting

Question 32

Homestead Strike (1892)

Answer 32

Strike of US Steelworkers
There was gunfight between workers and strikebreakers
Led to a decline in union membership

Question 33

Haymarket Riot (1886)

Answer 33

Chicago labor protest turned where there was a bombing & a riot

Question 34

Unregulated /Unregulated Working Conditions

Answer 34

Unregulated=no government oversight
Working conditions=what the environment is like at your work
Mostly related to safety
Unregulated working conditions means the government doesn’t tell businesses what the environment at work must be like

Question 35

Middle Class

Answer 35

People who work but have a good amount of money and a relatively high standard of living

Question 36

Labor Legislation

Answer 36

Laws about work. Often about unions

Question 37

Business regulation

Answer 37

The government telling businesses what they can and cannot do

Question 38

Political Parties

Answer 38

Groups that try to run the government 
REPUBLICANS
DEMOCRATS
GREEN PARTY
LIBERTARIAN PARTY

Question 39

Interest Groups

Answer 39

A group of people who want something in common from the government–a particular thing is “of interest” to them. Examples?

Question 40

Public Opinion

Answer 40

What the people think

Question 41

The Media

Answer 41

The forms of mass communication 
Newspapers
TV 
Magazines 
Radio

Question 42

Leisure

Answer 42

Free Time–used for enjoyment or relaxing

Question 43

Standard of Living

Answer 43

How hard or easy your life is—the easier life is, the higher your standard of living