Industrialization Imperialization and WWI Flashcards
How does industrialization demand imperialism for Europe?
imperialism is the takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the life of the people in that nation. The Industrial Revolution caused a need for resources to help production in Europe and the US. Where would these resources come from? Africa, Asia, Latin America.
What were the effects of industrialization on the world?
Industrialization had many positive effects on society in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. The creation of power machines and factories provided many new job opportunities. The new machinery increased production speed of good and gave people the ability to transport raw materials. Industrialization also lead to urbanization. Urbanization is the movement of people into cities and city building. Citizens wanted to live closer to the factories that they worked at. The Western World went from rural and agricultural to urban industrial.
Despite its many positive effects, industrialization had a negative impact on Europe too. Urban areas doubled, tripled, or quadrupled in size which led to over crowding in cities. Sometimes a large population is a good thing, but in this case the population was too big and caused many health problems. Living conditions were dirty and unhealthy. Cities were unsanitary and diseases filled the streets. There were no sanitation codes in cities. Many citizens got very sick.
Berlin Conference
Berlin Conference, 1884-1885
European nations met to lay down rules for the division of Africa
Any European nation could claim land in Africa by telling the others and showing they could control the area
Europeans paid no attention to the ethnic and linguistic divisions in Africa when dividing it amongst themselves
No African leaders attended this meeting
What does MAIN stand for and how does it contribute to the start of WWI?
One way to remember the FOUR main causes of World War I is to remember the acronym M – A – I – N. (M = Militarism, A = Alliances, I = Imperialism, and N = Nationalism.)
MILITARISM was one of the four major causes of the war. It was an “arms race.”
ALLIANCES For twenty years, the nations of Europe had been making alliances. It was thought the alliances would promote peace. Each country would be protected by others in case of war, making it foolish for one country to wage war on another. The danger of these alliances was that an argument between two countries could draw all the other nations allied with them into a fight. This is just what happened when a conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia led to World War I. In the summer of 1914 there were two alliances. The Triple Alliance composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, stood opposed to the Triple Entente composed of Britain, France, and Russia.
IMPERIALISM Another cause of World War I was that European nations ruled smaller countries, called colonies, and competed with each other to amass more colonies. Gathering colonies is known as IMPERIALISM. The purpose of imperialism was and is to build up national wealth and influence by owning colonies. Both France and Britain had many colonies in Africa and Asia. In the 1880s and 1890s, Germany and Italy decided they wanted a colonial empire too. This global competition for land caused confrontations and conflicts in many places. For example, Great Britain almost went to war with France and the United States during the 1880s over colonies.
Flesch-Kincaid 10.4
NATIONALISM In addition to political conflicts, the causes of the war included such forces as nationalism, or pride in one’s country. The belief that one’s own nation or culture is superior to all others, nationalism led European nations to compete to build the largest army and navy. It also gave groups of subject peoples the idea of forming independent nations of their own. Serbians, Czechs, Slovaks, Bosnians and many other peoples living under the rule of the Ottoman or Austro-Hungarian Empires wanted freedom from “foreign” rule.
Why did Austria-Hungary object to Serbia’s desire to establish an independent nation?
Nationalism is a desire for people of the same history, language, and customs to have self rule.
Austria-Hungary had people of many different ethnic groups: Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, living in their country who were fighting for self rule. Other countries like Russia were supporting these ethic groups desire for independence, in particular Serbia.
How were other countries pulled into the conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary?
Austro-Hungary declares war on Serbia following the death of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
August 3, 1914: Germany declares war on France saying that France had infringed on Germany’s territory.
England entered the war with Germany’s invasion on Belgium
how did industrialization and imperialism play a role in WWI?
Industrialization played a large role in the onset of World War I. Nations could build larger ships faster through the development of cheap steel. Nations could also mass-produce bullets and other weapons of war as never before, along with more powerful explosives. … This heightened tensions and helped cause World War I.
Schlieffen Plan
A plan written in the early 20th century of how Germany might win a battle on two fronts: France to the west and Russia to the east
Germany hoped Russia would be slow to the front and that they could quickly deal with France in the west using this plan
There were problems with this plan.
Gavrilo Princip
Member of the Black Hand- a Serbian group devoted to unifying all south Slavs (ethnic group). They saw the Austrian-Hungarian Empire as the biggest obstacle for the unification of this ethnic group.
What effects did the alliances in Europe have on the war?
There were two main alliances in Europe prior to WWI: the Triple Alliance—Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy—and the opposing Triple Entente—the Soviet Union, Britain, and France. These alliances are what caused the war to escalate from what should have only been regional conflict into a war throughout Europe and more.
How did the way the war was fought differ on the Eastern and Western Front?
These were the Eastern Front and the Western Front. The Germans developed a plan hoping to avoid fighting a two-front war. … The main difference between the Eastern Front and the Western Front, besides location, was the kind of fighting that occurred on each front. The Western Front saw trench warfare. The battle lines on the Eastern Front were much more fluid and trenches never truly developed.
What was the impact and implications of total war?
Total War is when the entire resources and population are mobilized towards the war effort,which takes priority over everything else.Further, Total War also involves prosecuting the war against the entire population of the enemy, not just against its military.
Why did the United States join the war in 1917?
In 1917, Germany, determined to win its war of attrition against the Allies, announced the resumption of unrestricted warfare in war-zone waters. Three days later, the United States broke diplomatic relations with Germany, and just hours after that the American liner Housatonic was sunk by a German U-boat.
In January 1917, Germany renewed its policy of unrestricted submarine warfare that it had abandoned in 1915 after the sinking of the Lusitania. All ships trading with Britain, including those of neutral countries such as the United States would be targets for their submarines and would be sunk without warning.
What weapon technology were introduced during WWI and what effects did they have on
the war?
Artillery - Large guns, called artillery, were improved
Machine gun
Flame throwers
Chemical weapons - Germany first used chlorine gas to poison unsuspecting Allied troops. Later, the more dangerous mustard gas was developed and used by both sides. By the end of the war, troops were equipped with gas masks and the weapon was less effective.
What was the outcome of the Russian revolution?
The Russian Revolution of 1917 involved the collapse of an empire under Tsar Nicholas II and the rise of Marxian socialism under Lenin and his Bolsheviks. It sparked the beginning of a new era in Russia that had effects on countries around the world.
