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History > Industrialization 9.2 > Flashcards

Industrialization 9.2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Machine production caused

A

Human suffering

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1
Q

Industrialization led to (4)

A

Better quality of life
Plentiful jobs
Unhealthy working conditions (air/water pollution)
Rising class tensions (worker/middle class)

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2
Q

Why did people flock to British cities and towns during the IR

A

Due to the growth of the factory system (manufacturing foods was concentrated in a central location)
URBANIZATION

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3
Q

Why did factories develop in clusters

A

Entrepreneurs built them near energy sources, water/coal

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4
Q

Effect of new cities (4)

A
  • Challenge London’s industrial leadership
  • Birmingham/Sheffield became iron-smelting centers
  • Leeds/Manchester dominated textile manufacturing
  • Liverpool/Manchester center of britain’s cotton industry
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5
Q

What book portrays urban work life

A

Elizabeth Gaskell’s “Mary Barton”

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6
Q

Rapid industrialization effects on living conditions (8)

A 
No development plans
No sanitary codes
No building codes
Lacked adequate housing
-education
-police protection 
No drains
Dark, dirty shelters for families
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7
Q

Working conditions (3)

A

No good lighting
Not very clean
No government aid in case of injury

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8
Q

Where were the most dangerous conditions

A

Coal mines

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9
Q

Coal mine conditions (4)

A

Frequent acxidents
Damp conditions
Coal dust
-shortened life 10 years

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10
Q

What jobs did women and children have

A

Mining industry because they were the cheapest source of labor

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11
Q

Who was part of the middle class (4)

A

Skilled workers
Professionals
Business people
Wealthy farmers

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12
Q

Which class grew due to industrialization

A

Middle class

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13
Q

Upper middle class included (6)

A 
Government employees
Doctors
Lawyers
Factory manager
Mine manager
Ship manager
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14
Q

Lower middle class included (2)

A

Skilled workers
Took makers
-mechanical drafters
-printers

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15
Q

How did working class react to machines replacing them

A

Frustrated and smashed machines that replaced them

16
Q

Luddites named after who

A

Ned Ludd

17
Q

Who was Ned Ludd

A

Mythical English laborer

Destroyed weaving machinery

18
Q

What did Luddites do

A

Attacked factories in northern England

Destroyed labor saving machines

19
Q

Why did workers riot outside of factories

A

Poor living and working conditions

20
Q

Positive effects of IR (economic) (6)

A 
Jobs for workers
Contributed to wealth nation
Inspired technological progress
Increased production of foods
Raised living standards
Provided hope of improvement in lives
21
Q

Positive effects of IR (personal) (5)

A 
Healthier diets
Better/cheaper housing
Mass produced clothing
Demand for engineers/pro workers
Expanded educational opps
22
Q

Who prospered from IR

A

Middle and up classes

23
Q

Positive effects for workers

A

Higher wages
Shorter hours
Better working conditions after forming labor unions

24
Q

Log terms effects of IR

A

Improved living/working conditions
Profits produce tax revenues
-> allow local, state, federal governments to invest in urban improvements to raise living standards of city dwellers

25
Q

Negative effects of rapid industrialization in Manchester

A

Made it unhealthy place for poor people who lived and workers there
Child labor (6 yrs old)
Child abuse to stay awake

26
Q

Child jobs (2)

A

Repair broken thread in bobbins

Sweep cotton fluff

27
Q

What did the Factory Act do

A

Restricted working age and hours

28
Q

Effects of too much industry

A

Polluted natural environment
Coal filled houses
Textiles poisoned Irwell River

29
Q

Child Labor today (3)

A

Now:
Sweatshops
Wretched/Long working conditions
Unprotected by child labor laws

30
Q

Today’s children jobs (3)

A

Weave carpets
Sort vegetables
Assemble expensive athletic shoes

31
Q

Organizations trying to end child labor (2)

A

Child Welfare League of America

International Labor Rights Fund

History (7 decks)

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