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us h > INDUSTRIALIZATION > Flashcards

INDUSTRIALIZATION Flashcards

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U.S. Geography flashcards
1
Q

Tenement

A

Overcrowded, slum housing

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2
Q

Rural

A

Areas where not many people live • In “the country” • These areas are always shrinking

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3
Q

Industrialization

A

Making stuff with machines in big factories • Mass production

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4
Q

Capitalism

A

CAPITAL=MONEY • Businesses competing to make money • Laissez Faire, Market Economy

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5
Q

Agrarian

A

Related to farming

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6
Q

Mechanization

A

• Producing stuff with machines • Automation

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7
Q

Industry

A

• The business of making things

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8
Q

Laissez-faire

A

An enlightenment philosophy • Means “Hands Off”–the government stays out of businesses way, and lets them direct their own course • Capitalism, Market Economy

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9
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Survival of the fittest • Only the strong survive—everyone is competing against everyone else

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10
Q

Corporation

A

business that is owned by many people not just one person

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11
Q

Monopoly/Trust

A

One company is the only place you can get a certain good or service – No competition

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12
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A

1 st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies

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13
Q

Efficiency

A

Eliminating waste: – Eliminating wasted time, money, energy, resources, etc.

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14
Q

Productivity

A

Measure of inputs vs outputs • If you produce more with the same amount of resources or less, your productivity goes UP

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15
Q

Specialization

A

Getting really good at producing or doing ONE thing

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16
Q

Interdependence

A

Two or more things that need each other to work. Example: – Steel Companies need railroads to ship their steel around the country – Railroads need steel to make their tracks, trains, bridges, etc. THEY NEED EACH OTHER • This is a result of specialization

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17
Q

Immigration

A

People Moving Into a country

18
Q

Emigration

A

People Leaving a country • The Opposite of immigration

19
Q

Migration

A

Moving within a country

20
Q

Nativism

A

Showing favoritism toward non-immigrants (“natives”)

Has NOTHING to do with American Indians!

21
Q

Urbanization

A

Cities getting bigger

Urban = City

22
Q

Political Corruption

A

Using a position of power to cheat and make money

23
Q

Suburbs

A

Communities just outside of cities—not as densely populated, but not rural

24
Q

Policy

A

A course of action

It answers the question: “How are we going to do things?

25
Q

Antitrust Legislation

A

Laws against monopolies/trusts

26
Q

Labor

A

Work OR Workers

27
Q

Labor Union/ Labor Organization/Organized Labor

A

workers that get together (organize) for better wages, working conditions, and hours

28
Q

Collective Bargaining

A

Workers banding together to negotiate with managers for better pay, working conditions, and hours
What labor unions do

29
Q

Pullman Strike (1894)

A

Nationwide strike by the American Railway Union
Striking against the Pullman Company
Lots of rioting

30
Q

Homestead Strike (1892)

A

Strike of US Steel workers
There was gun fight between workers and strikebreakers
Led to a decline in union membership

31
Q

Haymarket Riot (1886)

A

Chicago labor protest turned where there was a bombing & a riot

32
Q

Unregulated /Unregulated Working Conditions

A

Unregulated=no government oversight
Working conditions=what the environment is like at your work
Mostly related to safety
Unregulated working conditions means the government doesn’t tell businesses what the environment at work must be like

33
Q

Middle Class

A

People who work but have a good amount of money and a relatively high standard of living

34
Q

Labor Legislation

A

Laws about work. Often about unions

35
Q

Business regulation

A

The government telling businesses what they can and cannot do
EXAMPLES: Minimum wage, Meat Inspection Act

36
Q

Political Parties

A 
Groups that try to run the government 
REPUBLICANS
DEMOCRATS
GREEN PARTY
LIBERTARIAN PARTY
37
Q

Interest Groups

A

A group of people who want something in common from the government–a particular thing is “of interest” to them. Examples?

38
Q

Public Opinion

A

What the people think

39
Q

The Media

A 
The forms of mass communication 
Newspapers
TV 
Magazines 
Radio
cnn
40
Q

Leisure

A

Free Time–used for enjoyment or relaxing

41
Q

Standard of Living

A

How hard or easy your life is—the easier life is, the higher your standard of living

42
Q

commerce

A

selling and buying

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