Industrialization

Question 1

Problems associated with child labor and laws

Answer 1

• losing limbs, being maimed working in dangerous conditions,
• not in school,
• stuck with the job that they had when they were little as an adult, — not enjoying their childhood, acting like adults (smoking, drinking and gambling)
• less jobs for adults

Question 2

what laws were passed to prevent child labor?

Answer 2

child labor laws; Children must be 14 years old in order to work.
There are restrictions regarding the amount of hours children may work per day and per week while school is in session.
Children may not work in dangerous conditions.
truancy laws; ensure children stay in school to get an education. N.Y. State law says children must be in school until 16 years old, when they may drop out with parent’s permission.
-If students are in violation of truancy laws, parents/guardians can be fined and jailed.

Question 3

What are some goals of labor unions?

Answer 3

Unions wanted less working hours, specifically an 8-hour workday and a 40 hour workweek.
Unions wanted higher wages, or higher pay per hour.
Unions wanted better, safer working conditions.
Unions wanted the right to collective bargaining.
Unions wanted an end to child labor because children take the place of a working adult.

Question 4

What problems led to the deaths of so many girls and women in the Triangle Fire?

Answer 4

Locked doors and windows bc bosses didn’t want women to take breaks
Scraps of fabric on the floor easily flammable
collapsed fire escapes bc of the weight of the women
lack of knowledge in situations in the fire no drills were practiced
no help from people who did know what to do
very few exits
crowding
fire trucks couldn’t get to the building bc of the
bosses take the freight elevator to get to the roof

Question 5

Industrial Revolution-

Answer 5

refers to the changes America endured as machinery took the place of animal power and simple hand tools.

Question 6

Bessemer Process-

Answer 6

process by which steel was produced cheaply.

Question 7

vertical integration-

Answer 7

getting control of all the steps required to change raw materials into finished products.
(iron –> steel)

Question 8

investors-

Answer 8

people who spend money in hopes of making more in return.

Question 9

stock-

Answer 9

shares in a corporation.

Question 10

corporation-

Answer 10

a business owned by investors called shareholders or stockholders.

Question 11

dividends-

Answer 11

shares of a corporation’s profit. (sharing the corporations money that is made)

Question 12

trust-

Answer 12

a group of corporations run by a single board of directors

Question 13

monopoly-

Answer 13

occurs when one corporation controls all, or nearly all the business of an industry.

Question 14

Producer (Seller, merchant)-

Answer 14

someone who provides, or sells goods and/or services.

Question 15

Consumer (Buyer)-

Answer 15

someone who purchases goods and/or services.

Question 16

market-

Answer 16

place where people buy and sell goods and/or services.

Question 17

Capitalism/Market Economy-

Answer 17

People produce what they can and purchase what they can afford. (Buying and selling goods)

Question 18

supply-

Answer 18

how much of a product exists.

Question 19

demand-

Answer 19

how much of a product is wanted.

Question 20

Law of Supply and Demand-

Answer 20

the relationship between supply and demand determines the price of a product in a market economy.

Question 21

sweatshop-

Answer 21

a place where people work for long hours in dangerous conditions for low pay.

Question 22

(trade or labor) union-

Answer 22

groups of workers band together to seek better working conditions.

Question 23

strikebreakers-

Answer 23

replacements for striking workers. (scabs)

Question 24

collective bargaining-

Answer 24

the right of unions to negotiate with management for workers as a group. (unions negotiating compromises with “bosses”)

Question 25

Truancy Laws-

Answer 25

laws that sought to keep children in school.

Question 26

Child Labor Laws-

Answer 26

laws that regulate the age at which children may begin to work.

Question 27

patent-

Answer 27

government documents that give an inventor exclusive rights to make and sell an invention for a specific number of years.

Question 28

mass production-

Answer 28

the manufacturing of large amounts of a product quickly and cheaply.

Question 29

what did the wright brothers create?

Answer 29

airplanes, changed the rest of society’s way of travel for the rest of life