Industrialisation and the Environment Flashcards
what was the energy crisis?
by 1800 many countries were suffering an energy crisis
widespread mining and deforestation to alleviate this
what was the effect of Britain’s coal consumption on forests in 1800 for agriculture?
in 1800 their reliance on coal made 15 million acres of forest available for agriculture, leading to further deforestation
what negative effects did coal usage have?
less trees were cut down however air pollution, water pollution, acid rain, smog, and increased carbon emissions
what did the need for oil, furs, rubber, and timber cause negatively?
plantations were built displacing indigenous peoples and destroying local ecosystems
in 1800s who did conservationists blame?
settlers and indigenous people - vast expansion into new territories and usage of ‘abundant’ resources
link between industrialisation and colonialism
consumer culture; reach for greater profits
need for more land and resources; building of plantations, increased slave trade, exploitation of land and people, deforestation, environmental degradation
how did world population change?
1750 - 720 million
1800 - 900 million
1900 - 1.6 billion
1950 - 2.5 billion
how much temperate zone woodland disappeared and when?
315 million hectares from 1700-1920
what were the results of increased transportation?
easier transporting of materials for industries
commuting into cities, providing labour and increased industrialisation of urban areas
spread of disease more easily
invasive species and disturbed ecosystems
railways often cut straight through the land disrupting landscapes
large scale industrial projects
Suez Canal, dams
required lots of resources and energy
disrupted natural land, changed water habitats
how many steam engines in Britain and what date?
1870 - 100,000 steam engines - produced sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide
