Industrial revolution Flashcards
Enclosure Movement
The enclosure movement was this: wealthy farmers bought land from small farmers, then benefited from economies of scale in farming huge tracts of land. The enclosure movement led to improved crop production, such as the rotation of crops.
Crop rotatation
the action of rotating around an axis or center.
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution is the name given the movement in which machines changed people’s way of life as well as their methods of manufacture.
Factors of production
The factors of production are resources that are the building blocks of the economy; they are what people use to produce goods and services. Economists divide the factors of production into four categories: land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship.
mechanization.
Mechanization or mechanisation (British English) is the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery.
Factory system
The factory system is a mode of capitalist production that emerged in the late eighteenth century as a result of England’s Industrial Revolution.
Cottage industry
a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person’s home.
entrepreneur
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
Tenements
a room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments.
Mass production
Mass production”, “flow production” or “continuous production” is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines.
Fordism
Fordism is a term widely used to describe (1) the system of mass production that was pioneered in the early 20th century by the Ford Motor Company or (2) the typical postwar mode of economic growth and its associated political and social order in advanced capitalism
Corporation
a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.
Monopoly
the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
Strikes
hit forcibly and deliberately with one’s hand or a weapon or other implement.
Unions
the action or fact of joining or being joined, especially in a political context.
collective
done by people acting as a group.
bargraining
negotiate the terms and conditions of a transaction.
Eli Whitney
Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765 – January 8, 1825) was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution and shaped the economy of the Antebellum South.
James Watt
The watt (symbol: W) is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), named after the Scottish engineer James Watt (1736–1819). The unit is defined as 1 joule per second and can be used to express the rate of energy conversion or transfer with respect to time.
Henry Bessemer
Sir Henry Bessemer (19 January 1813 – 15 March 1898) was an English inventor, whose steelmaking process would become the most important technique for making steel in the nineteenth century
Richard arkright
It was able to spin 128 threads at a time, which was an easier and faster method than ever before. It was developed by Richard Arkwright, who patented the technology in 1767.
Robert Fulton
Robert Fulton was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Claremont
Samuel Morse
Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, 1791 – April 2, 1872) was an American painter and inventor. After having established his reputation as a portrait painter, in his middle age Morse contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs.
Henry ford
Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.
