Industrial Revolution

Question 1

When did the industrial revolution take place?

Answer 1

1750-1850

Question 2

Where did people live and what did they do before industrial revolution?

Answer 2

In rural areas and were farmers

Question 3

What is it called when Britain started using machines?

Answer 3

The industrial revolution

Question 4

What happened in the industrial revolution?

Answer 4

People began living in towns and cities and children started working?

Question 5

Why were children made to work?

Answer 5

They were cheap, they could fit into small spaces were adults couldn’t reach, they had a lot of energy

Question 6

What did the British start using at sugar plantation in Natal?

Answer 6

Indentured Indian workers

Question 7

When did S.A? Get their own industrial revolution? Why?

Answer 7

1867. Diamonds were discovered in Kimberley.

Question 8

How did Britain get wealthy?

Answer 8

From slave trade

Question 9

How did slave trade work?

Answer 9

Slaves captured in west Africa, taken across Atlantic to America to work on cotton, tobacco, rice or sugar plantations. Produce was sent to Britain. In Britain raw material was processed and sold in the rest of the world.

Question 10

How was Bristol important for slave trade?

Answer 10

Slaves and goods went through there

Question 11

When did slave trade stop?

Answer 11

1807

Question 12

What was the general picture before the revolution?

Answer 12

Half the population lived in farming villages and grew food only for themselves. Land was shared and there as no boundaries animals grazed in common landed

Question 13

What happened in the early 1700’s?

Answer 13

Britain’s became wealthier the population grew. There was more demand which led to inventions improving production

Question 14

What was the enclosure system?

Answer 14

When common land became private and everyone owned their own land.

Question 15

What effect did the enclosure system in wealthy people and poor people?

Answer 15

It was good for rich people but the poor people were left homeless so they had to leave to rural areas and move to towns

Question 16

What was the cottage industry?

Answer 16

It Before the enclosure system, handicrafts were done at home mostly farmers wives.
e.g. Making a woolen cloth. Wool is bought, prepared using strong brushes, spun by spinsters into thread, woven on hand looms, trampled by fuller to shrink it or soften it then it is sold

Question 17

What benefits did machines have?

Answer 17

They were more efficient and quicker

Question 18

The first machine was for…

Answer 18

Manufacturing cloth

Question 19

Factories were built for… So…

Answer 19

Machines, people had to leave home to work

Question 20

What were the first machines made of? What were they powered by?

Answer 20

Wood. Some were powered by water

Question 21

The steam engine was invented in…

Answer 21

1770

Question 22

What do you need for the steam engine? How did it resist the heat?

Answer 22

It needed coal. They made it out of iron

Question 23

Factories were built near…

Answer 23

Mines

Question 24

What was transport in those days? What happened now?

Answer 24

Coaches and wagons were driven on dirt roads. Now new solid Tarmac roads were built to transport new goods.

Question 25

When were steam trains invented? How did they evolve!

Answer 25

1830. They got faster and became the main way to transport goods

Question 26

What is urbanization?

Answer 26

Movement from rural to urban areas

Question 27

Town grew but they weren’t nice. Explain

Answer 27

The houses were small and close together, it was polluted because of factories down middle. Diseases spread fast and workers were badly payed, men women and children had to work for food

Question 28

Workhouse were….

Answer 28

Places for the very poor. They worked for and got food and a place to stay in return, it was very unpleasant. Orphans went there

Question 29

What was child labor? Until when doc it happen?

Answer 29

Children as young as five years were used in coal mines, factories and mills because it was cheap and they could fit into small places

Question 30

What was life like for factory and farm workers?

Answer 30

Badly paid, at risk of being replaced by machines. It was illegal to resist.

Question 31

Swing riots were…

Answer 31

Protests or resistance by workers. Hundreds of machines were destroyed. Leaders kept their names secret, Called Captain Swing

Question 32

When were laws passed protecting farm or factory workers?

Answer 32

1830’s & 1840’s

Question 33

Who was Ned Ludd?

Answer 33

He broke machines in a fit of rays. Other workers copied him, called Luddites, and blamed him.

Question 34

What was the idea of trade unions?

Answer 34

First called friendly societies. Workers came together to for times of illness or unemployment they demanded shorter hours and end to using child labor.

Question 35

When did all unions unite? What did they call it? What happened to it?

Answer 35

1833. Called Consolidated Trade Union. The government was scared to put harsh prison sentences to discourage it and it collapsed. It became powerful only in the 1800’s

Question 36

What happed in the first half of 1800’s, Britain revolution?

Answer 36

First industrial nation. In first half of 1800’s western started using British inventions and began industrializing more.

Question 37

What happed in the second half of 1800’s, Britain revolution

Answer 37

France and Germany Baruch started competing with Britain using power or wealth. In 1851 exhibition was held in crystal palace

Question 38

What was the crystal palace?

Answer 38

Made of iron framework and sheets of glass. In Hyde Park. It was to show Britains superiority.

Question 39

For most of the 1800’s…

Answer 39

Almost all in South Africa lived off land, there was trade between groups and from 1400’s also Europeans. South Africa as country didn’t exist, it was made up of either colonies of Britains or boers or it was independent

Question 40

Natal is… What happened there?

Answer 40

A British colony from 1843. The climate/soil was good for growing sugar canes.