Industrial Revolution Flashcards
Definition of: Enclosures Four field system New machinery Selective breeding
Enclosures are when the government forced people off little farms to make one big farm. This meant that lots of peasants moved into the city (this is called ‘urbanisation’)
Four field system is a rotation of wheat,turnips,barley and clover allowing live stick to breed year round.
New machinery is where they build better machines. Some of these were the plough and the seed drill. The seed drill increased the amount of food produced by 500%.
Selective breeding is where they pick the best types of stocks to breed. This makes sure that the quality of the cows or sheep improve over time. Bigger animals means more food for people to eat.
What were the effects on where people lived, nutrition and the industrial revolution
Effects on people were people lived since they were kicked off their lad and had to move to a town to work.
Nutrition better quality due to the machines they had and more nutrients due to the time it took place. More food meant people had better diets. They also didn’t need to grow their own food - they could work in factories and buy their food.
What was the cottage industry
It is where they made things at home for them and they could sell it at a market
Why do we call cotton goods such as bed linen Manchester
Because it was made in Manchester. Manchester was one of the cities that grew in size in the industrial revolution. (This is where the textile industry was mainly based.)
Why was the spinning Jenny call spinning Jenny
Because it spun cotton into 8 more threads. This made making clothes much quicker. It was called Jenny because it was named after the inventor’s daughter.
What are the 5 Ms?
These tell us why Britain was the first to go through the industrial revolution.
Manpower- people had moved from the country to the city (urbanisation’) and needed jobs. There was also a baby boom.
Materials - Britain had lots of coal and iron ore to dig up.
Markets- Britain was able to sell its products in Europe or in its colonies. This meant that traders could make more money.
Modes of transport- Britain had roads, canals and railway
Money - Britain had lots of people who had got rich through business. They could afford to build the new inventions.
What positives and negatives of industrialisation still exist today?
Air pollution - global warming.
Water pollution
negatives are people are cutting down trees to build factory’s which is also killing animals and their habitats.
