Industrial Revolution Flashcards
How did work change in Britain from 1750-1825-1900?
1750 - Farming most important industry, bad power sources, small scale shops
1825 - Few factories, big cotton industry, farms grew more food, new farming methods
1900 - Many farmers using machines, clothes,iron,steel and coal industries were the most important
How did the health and medicine change in Britain from 1750-1825-1900?
1750 - Few people knew about germs, patients often died of infection
1825 - A vaccination for small pox was developed
1900 - Louis Pasture discovered the germs caused diseases, anaesthetic used in operations
How did the transport change in Britain from 1750-1825-1900?
1750 - Getting around was slow, first canal built in 1776, lots of people traveled by water, roads were bad
1825 - 20,00 miles of new roads, more canals had been built, horse draw wagons used
1900 - Railways were built, bicycles and cars were invented
How did the culture change in Britain from 1750-1825-1900?
1750 - Most children did not go to school, 7 universities in UK, arts were popular
1825 - Most boys went to school, elementary schools set up
1900 - Schools were compulsory for all kids aged 5-12, 17 universities in UK, books were published widely
How did the change population in Britain from 1750-1825-1900?
1750 - 11 million people, 80% in countryside, high mortality rate
1825 - 21 million people, 60% in countryside, high mortality but large families
1900 - 40 million people, 25% in countryside, falling mortality rate
How did politics change in Britain from 1750-1825-1900?
1750 - No women voted, king George II had little power, 5% of the population could vote
1825 - No change in votes, George II murdered in Peterloo massercer, demands for parliamentary reform
1900 - Most men could vote, government played a large role in everyone’s life, small towns were more involved as MPs.
What were some improvements to farming by the 18th century?
- As population in Britain grew so did the demand for food, so the price of food went up.
- Animals got bigger resulting in more food to eat and sell
- Enclosure of fields was introduced this meant that only one farmer was responsible for his own fields
- New tools and equipment was introduced and the old improved so they became cheaper more widely available
What were the dangers of working in coal mining?
- Minimal lighting = dangerous as could not see when cart was coming
- Heavy loads of coal
- Rope used to leaver people into mines could break easily
- Very cramped, hot and small place to work
- Roof falls
- Explosions
Why would people end up in the workhouse?
Because they were too ill, poor or old to support themselves.
Unmarried pregnant women were often disowned by their families and the workhouse was the only place they could go.
