Industrial Revolution Flashcards
Remembering the pre-industrial societies, what were the factors?
- disconnection
- in-communication
- small travels
What were the Pre-industrial societies in the industrial revolution?
- Traditional authorities (persons)
- Social stagnation (religion/morals)
- No social mobility
- Craft industry + agricultural productions
- Simple production (no division labor)
- Limited trade
- Parochialism
- High mortality (birth rate)
- Rural Societies
What about the industrial societies ?
- Traditional authorities
- Bourgegisie ~ rich (business)
- Monarchy ~poor (eccentricity)
Taxes and regulations over economic activity
What the two reason of the enlightenment ?
- Individualism
- Science
What the two reason of the enlightenment ?
- Individualism
- Science
In what is focus in individualism?
Is focus on:
- Liberalism that was freedom
- Capitalism that was wealth
Both helped with the progress of the pursuit of happiness
In what is focus in individualism?
Is focus on:
- Liberalism that was freedom
- Capitalism that was wealth
Both helped with the progress of the pursuit of happiness
What the two reason of the enlightenment ?
- Individualism
- Science
In what is focus in individualism?
Is focus on:
- Liberalism that was freedom
- Capitalism that was wealth
Both helped with the progress of the pursuit of happiness
In what is focus the science?
Is focus on:
- Engineering - Material
- Medicine - Health
Both helped the progress of pursuit of happiness
What are the characteristics of the social stagnation?
-Protestant reformation (translate bible)
-Hard work ~ wealth. own problems
-Colonialism - Triangular trade
World trade
Since that Economic changes became true.
What are the two economic changes?
-Theory Feudalism Dependency ~ Free labor "The system was inefficient" -Sweezy Subsistence ~ trade "Trade promoted new system"
What are the endogenous and exogenous causes?
Endogenous Causes - inside - New mentality - Capital Accumulation (colonialism) Exogenous Causes - Outside - Agriculture explosion - Demographic explosion
Abundant raw materials & labor
Teach innovation - k increase
What was important in the viceroyship of the Spanish empire of America ?
Illustration
- Contraband
- Competitive
- Personal interests of the workers
- Disagree Creoles
- Economic crisis
- Napoleon wars
What was include in the time of change?
Authority Manufacture Transportation Human logic Technologic
How they obtained the time of change ?
Specialized workers/inventors (better ways to do things) Machines (mechanization) Heavy Industries (iron,steel) Mining (metals,chemicals,coal) Education (engineering) Roads, canals, railways ( infrastructure improvement) Consumption (better wages) Employment (to support production) Light industry (basic goods) Agriculture (food) Urbanization ( concentration) Technology
What are the five key factors for country development and production increase?
The five factors are: 1 Labor division -specialization: improve the process -process improvement -machinery inventions -time saving : do things faster 2 Machinery Use -productivity -industrial scheme -reliability 3 Employment generation -consumption encourage -population increase -available workforce -value chain extent 4 Entrepreneurship -diversity -innovation/ products/ business forms 5 Talent Use freedom -pleasant work -slavery -abolition
What were the economic consequences in Europe ? Explain.
1Large scale production -lower production costs -lower production time -uniform production & quality -creation of "value chain" 2Joint ownership companies -reduction of risk -incentives to invest 3 Expansion of financial markets -new business forms -increase of hidden capital flow 4 Agriculture redefined -migration to cities -crop for profit, not survival -infrastructure for development
What were the social consequences of industrial revolution in Europe ? Explain.
1 Decay of life quality - people confined in factories - extended labor hours - uniform jobs : boredom -unhealthy work environment 2 Overcrowded cities - urban slums - scarce scope of social services 3 Social disintegration - very rich/ very poor/ middle class - (skilled vs non-skilled) - alcoholism, prostitution, alienation. - private property protection - life based in consumption - reduction of government influence - industrial and commercial protectionism/machinery exports/ qualified personnel migration
Protectionism countries for development
What did the protectionism countries for development?
Innovation. Productivity
Market. Freedom (FR)
Learning. Human capital
How was the industrial system development ?
Started with basic manufacture - tool machinery - heavy industries
Two ways to develop a country
1 Neutral estate -smith-
2 Active estate -Hamilton- for market don’t open and the country development
What is interventionism?
Interventionism is a country that have both of the ways to develop as the neutral and the active estate.
What means protectionism ?
Protectionism is because a country is an active estate.
Easy to buy and impossible to sell.
What are the forms of government according to Hamilton ?
Subsidization
Custom tariffs
Financial support
