Industrial Revolution

Question 1

How did Louis Pasteur contribute to germ theory?

Answer 1

-Proved the idea of spontaneous generation wrong
-Swan neck flask experiment
-Germs caused human disease
-Couldn’t identify what germs caused what diseases

Question 2

How did Robert Koch contribute to germ theory?

Answer 2

-Proved pasteurs germ theory correct
-Proved not all germs are the same
-Developed methods of studying bacteria that others could use
-By 1900 21 bacteria had been found

Question 3

How did germ theory help with disease and illness as a whole?

Answer 3

-Proved the old idea of spontaneous generation wrong
-Helped realise what was causing disease
-Could link bacteria to disease

Question 4

What was the role of Florence nightingale in the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 4

-Improved dirty conditions in hospitals
-Death rates from a 40% to 2%
-‘Notes on nursing’
-Sanitation, ventilation and food
-Overcame stereotypes on nurses

Question 5

What was the role of Simpson in the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 5

-Discovered chloroform as an anaesthetic
-Better substitute for other anaesthetics used previously
-Too much chloroform would kill the patient
-Death rates increased due to increased risk of infection

Question 6

What was the role of lister in the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 6

-Discovered carbolic spray as an antiseptic
-Killed the germs and bacteria to stop infection during surgery
-Shortly swapped for A-septic technique

Question 7

What key things did the 1875 public health act provide?

Answer 7

-Building sewers
-Clean water
-Medical officers
-Improve housing

Question 8

What helped cause the 1875 public health act?

Answer 8

-The great stink
-Octavia Hill
-Germ theory
-Working men winning the vote
-Chadwick and Snow

Question 9

How did Edward Jenner discover the first vaccination?

Answer 9

-Noticed milkmaids who got cowpox didn’t catch smallpox
-Tested his theory on James Phipps

Question 10

What was the impact of Edward Jenner’s vaccination?

Answer 10

-Much safer than inoculation
-Death rate from small pox reduced dramatically after his vaccine was mandatory
-By 1977 small pox had gone
-Used by other scientists to find other vaccines

Question 11

Why did Edward Jenner’s vaccine have opposition?

Answer 11

-He couldn’t explain how his vaccine worked
-People thought it went against gods will
-Inoculators felt it would harm their business

Question 12

What was the role of Chadwick in the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 12

-10,000 free copies of his life expectancy report
-Said disease was caused by filthy conditions in towns
-1848 public health act, not compulsory
-Not supported due to increased tax and interference with laissez-faire government

Question 13

What was the role of John snow in the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 13

-Linked dirty water to cholera
-Mapped out victims and where they got their water
-Broad street pump handle taken off
-People who drank beer didn’t get cholera