Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Global Awareness > Industrial Revolution > Flashcards

Industrial Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

Urbanization

A

An increase in the percentage and number of people living in urban settlements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Unions

A

An association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Strike

A

An organized work stoppage intended to force an employer to address union demands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

collective bargaining

A

negotiation of wages and other conditions of employment by an organized body of employees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

factory

A

a large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Socialism

A

a political theory advocating state ownership of industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system based on private property and free enterprise.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Upper Class

A

A social class broadly composed of the more affluent members of society, especially those who have inherited wealth, own businesses, or hold large numbers of stocks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Middle Class

A

A social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Working Class

A

A social class broadly composed of people working in blue-collar, or manual, occupations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Child Labor

A

Using children to work in factories and businesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Steam engine

A

An engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to generate power. James Watt created the first steam engine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Agricultural Revolution

A

A time when new inventions such as the seed drill and the steel plow made farming easier and faster. The production of food rose dramatically.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sadler Report

A

Report in 1832 when Michael Sadler took parliamentary investigation of previous children workers who worked in mines and factories as children. The report revealed the condition child laborers worked with and the dangers they faced when going to work.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reform

A

to change for the better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Artisan labor system

A

Skilled craftspeople, known as artisans or mechanics, performed the most manufacturing in small towns and larger cities. They were their own bosses, and created their own hours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Factory labor system

A

A method of production that brought many workers and machines together into one building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Textile

A

A fabric made by weaving, used in making clothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.

20
Q

Fossil fuels

A

Coal, oil, natural gas, and other fuels that are ancient remains of plants and animals.

21
Q

Coal

A

Fuel source for steam engines

22
Q

Socioeconomic Class

A

Classification based on wealth, education, and/or family background.

23
Q

Government

A

The governing body of a nation, state, or community.

24
Q

Economy

A

A system for producing and distributing goods and services to fulfills people’s wants.

25
Q

Michael Sadler

A

Investigated the textile industry which led to the Factory Act of 1833 and new child labor laws

26
Q

Richard Arkwright

A

An English inventor and entrepreneur who invented the water frame, a machine that, with minimal human supervision, could spin several threads at once.

27
Q

Transportation

A

Movement of goods and people

28
Q

Canals (significance)

A

Waterways for transportation
Look at roads

29
Q

Roads (significance)

A

Led to the expansion of markets, movement of people, and changed the physical landscape.

30
Q

Trains (significance)

A

Railroads became a major industry, stimulating other industries such as iron and steel production.
Look at roads for significance of railroads

31
Q

Size of cities

A

Increased immensely due to industrialization

32
Q

Populations

A

Increased immensely due to industrialization

33
Q

How did the living and working conditions change?

A

Worsened due to overcrowding and growth

34
Q

What was the significance of social classes?

A

Creased more distinct divisions

35
Q

How was Japan impacted?

A

Japan faced civil war as a result of pressure from the US to industrialize. The government ultimately won, quickly industrializing the country, but citizens were unhappy to have to change their way of living and culture.

36
Q

How was Egypt impacted?

A

Muhammad Ali, the ruler, faced pressure from the Ottoman Empire to modernize the country quickly, but soon Egypt fell into great debt to British banks. Great Britain used the debt as leverage to impact decisions made about the economy of Egypt. After Muhammad Ali died, his successors used even more money to give themselves luxurious lives, and Egypt just kept falling into debt, and its economy collapsed.

37
Q

How was India impacted?

A

India faced poverty and loss of jobs while having to compete with Great Britain for the textile industry. Britain required India to give it all of its cotton to sell and India fell deeper and deeper into poverty, and is still affected to this day.

38
Q

Communism

A

A form of socialism that abolishes private ownership.

39
Q

Causes of the IR

A

The emergence of socialism, European imperialism, and The Agricultural Revolution.

40
Q

What was the first industry to industrialize in England?

A

Textiles

41
Q

Why did Great Britain industrialize first?

A

Success in international trade created Britain’s high wage, cheap energy economy.

42
Q

What impact did the Industrial Revolution have?

A

Increased production and efficiency, lower prices, more goods, improved wages, and migration from rural areas to urban areas.

43
Q

How were different groups of people impacted differently by the Industrial Revolution?

A

Workers formed labor unions and gained higher wages and better working conditions

44
Q

What were the arguments in favor and against child labor?

A

Favor - Children can help their parents and they learn the importance of jobs

Against - Extreme bodily and mental harm

45
Q

Why are unions important for workers in a capitalist society? Why did owners disapprove of unions?

A

Unions allow workers to demand better wages and pay, raising the cost of business and thus lowering profits for capitalist firms. Capitalists are thus incentivized to crush and discourage them.

46
Q

What actually changed the housing conditions and health of the working class for the better?

A

The facilitating of buildings, of sanity systems, water supplies, and sewerage, were all the main purposes of the 1848 act, but it also established local and central units of government that would take responsibility for health.

47
Q

How were capitalism, socialism, and communism responses to the Industrial Revolution?

A

Communism - It proposed a new economic and social vision that it argued would eliminate social inequality.

Socialism - Socialist movements rejected capitalism and blamed it and the Industrial Revolution for horrible working and living conditions.

Capitalism - Wealth increased the standard of living for some people, and the middle class grew

Global Awareness (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions