Industrial Revolution Flashcards
definition of crop rotation
helps soil to stay healthy for growing
definition of enclosure movement
wealthy landowners buy up and fence off huge pieces of land
3 factors of production
land, labor, and capitol
what was the first industry to industrialize
The textile industry
Where did the Industrial Revolution first begin
England
What is the Industrial Revolution
the increased output of machine made goods
Who invented the Spinning Jenny
James Hargreaves
Why was the spinning jenny invented
to quickly spin thread
who invented the steam engine
James Watt
why was the steam engine invented
to power machines
Who invented the steel process
Henry Bessemer
Why was the steel process invented
for stronger and cheaper steel
Who is known for capitalism
Adam Smith
What is capitalism
economic system in which industry and trade are controlled privately. no gov interference
Who is known for communism
Karl Marx
What is communism
property is publicly owned. everyone is paid according to their ability and needs
Who is known for socialism
Charles Fourier
What is socialism
factors of production are subject to gov control
What is Laisssez-faire
means hands off. government is not involved at all, private businesses benefit
What are labor unions
A bunch of employees come together to go on strike until better treatment
what are some positive effects from the IR
more leisure time, growth of middle class, population increase, higher standard of living, better transportation, better education
what are some negative effects from the IR
poor working conditions for the lower class, environmental pollution, and rapid urbanization
Who invented the Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney
why was the cotton gin invented
needed a way to make cotton growing profitable
