Industrial Revolution Flashcards
What was the Industrial Revolution?
The Industrial Revolution was the transition of creating things by hand to using machines instead
How did the Agricultural Revolution lead to the Industrial Revolution?
A series of changes in farming practices paved the way for Britain to improve its production and manufacturing methods
Why was there a massive population increase in urban areas?
Peasants that once worked on farms had lost their jobs to machines and also to the Enclosure Act so they migrated to look for work
Why did factory owners hire children?
Children were more obedient and could fit in smaller spaces
What were the working conditions like?
.Poor lighting and ventilation
.Excessive heat
.No safety measures around machines
.12+ hours of work per day
What were living conditions like?
People would live in overcrowded, poorly built homes. People would throw out their rubbish on the street and cesspools would often overflow as well
Why did disease spread so rapidly?
Cesspools would overflow into wells as well, contaminating the fresh water that people drank, giving them diseases such as cholera
How did builders of houses keep costs down?
By poorly constructing the houses and having as many houses as possible on the plot of land
What was the Bloody Code?
A harsh legal system put in place to stop the high crime rates by scaring people into not doing crime
Why were there high crime rates in England?
It was difficult to find work and even if they did find work, they would earn very little so they had to resort to crime
Why did the Bloody Code not work?
It didn’t work because people were so desperate that they would commit crime despite the risk of death or imprisonment
Who were the Unions?
A group of people that pushed for better working and living conditions
What was the Factory Act of 1833?
The Factory Act of 1833 stated that children under 9 weren’t allowed to work and had to have education and children over this age could work for a maximum of 12 hours a day
What were the social impacts of the Industrial Revolution? (label these in dot points)
.Urbanisaion
.Overcrowding
.Hazards from factories
.Pollution
.Children suffered in factories and mines
.Middle class expanded
What were the economic impacts of the Industrial Revolution? (Label these in dot points)
.Goods were supplied more frequently
.Supply of goods increased
.Price of goods decreased
.Jobs were created
