Industrial Revolution Flashcards
Industrial Revoultion
More Machines and Factories = More Manufacturing
Began in New England
Cotton Gin
Invented by Eli Whitney and its creation resulted in more cotton farms and increased slavery.
Interchangeable Parts
Led to mass production which dropped process and was started by Eli Whitney.
Free Enterprise
We are allowed to buy, sell, and make whatever we want. We live in a capitalist society which means we can use money to make more money.
Factory Men
Samuel Slater memorized the design of a machine that spun cotton thread and came to the U.S.
Francis Cabot Lowell built textile mills in Massachusetts by using the factory system.
Young women were often hired to work in textil mills.
Canals
It was easier and cheaper to move goods and people by water than land. The Erie Canal is a man-made river that connects Lake Erie to New York. As a result, New York became one of America’s largest cities.
Steamboat
Robert Fulton invented the steamboat in 1807 that was powered by a steam engine. The steamboat, canals, National Railroad, and railroads made shipping goods faster resulting in decreased prices.
Urbanization
People began moving to cities to work during the Industrial
Revolution. Urbanization refers to the growing population of cities when factories were built.
Immigration
Thousands came to America to work in factories in the North. In 1845, there was a potato famine in Ireland and a wave a German immigrants came to escape political turmoil in their homeland.
Sectionalism
The North wanted a high tariff to make sure Americans bought goods from the North.
The South was against a high tariff and pushed for states’ rights.
The West tried to settle the disputes between the North and the South.
Clay’s “American System”
To make all sections of the U.S happy, Henry clay suggested having a high tariff to help the North, then using money from the tariff to build roads and canals to help the West and South be able to better sell their agricultural products in the North.
The Missouri Compromise
Henry Clay came up with the Missouri Compromise of 1820 to end an argument between the North and the South. Missouri enters as a slave state while Maine enters as a free state. Furthermore, slavery would not be allowed in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30’ N line.
Adams-Onis Treaty
Spain wanted to avoid war, so they sold Florida to the U.S for $5 million, in the Adams-Onis Treaty. In return, the U.S agreed to recognize Spain’s claim to Texas.
