industrial revolution

Question 1

dutch: 3 agricultural improvements

Answer 1

1. created dikes- held back water/ prevent flooding of farm
2. Combined large and small fields to utilize their land better- Better use of land
3. Fertilizer from livestock to renew soil- Nutrients to producer more crops

Question 2

charles townshend

Answer 2

Credited with creating turnips- Improved soil conditions/ crops growing at a quicker more faster rate

Question 3

Jethro Tull

Answer 3

invented seed drill- Invention that helped farmers plant seeds in columns and rows/ More efficient using rows that scattered seeds

Question 4

enclosure movement

Answer 4

When land was taken from peasants they argued their land was for animals - Larger fields- prices decreased bc needed little workers/ Wool and crop increased/ Farmers migrated to cities due to loss of jobs

Question 5

Robert Bakewell

Answer 5

first to breed both sheep and cattle for meat-Selective breeding/ Offspring becomes much bigger and produces far more milk/ Amount of beef increases dramatically
- farmers saved kernels from plants with desirable characteristics and planted them for the next season’s harvest

Question 6

What was the impact of the agricultural Revolution on Europe?

Answer 6

The agricultural Revolution had utilized their land, making sure each space was strictly for farms and fertilization. Creation of different tools to help the process of fertilization cause many farmers to be let go. Peasants were also angered that their land had been taken from them they used for their animals now being used for agriculture.

Question 7

Thomas Newcome

Answer 7

Invented a steam engine- Powered by coal to pump water from mine

Question 8

James Watt

Answer 8

Improved engine stock making it more efficient - Power source of revolution/ Then becomes a machine that can power other machines

Question 9

Abraham Darby

Answer 9

Used coal instead of charcoal/ separated iron and ore- Iron became less expensive and had better value

Question 10

natural resources

Answer 10

• Took advantage of abundant natural resources
• Large supplies of coal to power steam engines
• Plentiful iron used to build machines

Question 11

geography

Answer 11

• Benefited from trade due to its many ports as an island nation
• Ships transported raw materials from overseas empire and exported finished goods
• Water powers were provided by streams and rivers/ Rivers were later developed with canals and then were used to transport goods to internal markets

Question 12

population

Answer 12

-The boom cause drastic changes in agriculture/ It further swelled the available workforce
-Large numbers of workers were needed to mine coal and iron, build factories, and run machines
-The increase in population increased the demand for goods

Question 13

capital

Answer 13

-Developed to help mining and other industries/ Money used to invest in enterprises (a business organization in an area such as shipping, mining, railroads, or factories)
-The capital that helped britain industrialize came from landowners, banks, and merchants who profited from overseas trade, including the slave trade

Question 14

strong stable government

Answer 14

• Gov supported economic growth
• Built a strong navy that protected its empire, including shipping and overseas trade

Question 15

new technology

Answer 15

• Developed practical new inventions and partnered with entrepreneurs to profit from them/ Entrepreneur- someone who manages and assumes the financial risks of starting a new business
• Technology was important to the industrial revolution

Question 16

religion

Answer 16

• Religious groups encouraged thrift and hard work/ These goals led to inventors, bankers, and other risk-takers to devote their energies to new enterprises

Question 17

Putting out system/ cottage industry

Answer 17

• Raw cotton was distributed to peasant families who spun it into thread and then wove the thread into cloth in their own homes
• Skilled artisans in the towns then finished and dyed the cloth
• British merchants tried to organize a cotton cloth industry at home and later developed the putting out system

Question 18

Eli Whitney/ the cotton gin

Answer 18

• Separated the seeds from the raw cotton at a fast rate/ Finished the cotton gin in 1793, and cotton production increased at a rapid rate
• Invented to answer the challenge of how to produce enough cotton to keep with England

Question 19

Turnpikes

Answer 19

• Private roads built by entrepreneurs who charged travelers a toll, or fee, to use them
• Goods traveled faster as a result
• Turnpikes soon linked every part of Britain
• Invented to answer the challenge of entrepreneurs needing a faster and cheaper method of moving goods from place to place

Question 20

Bridewater canal

Answer 20

• Cheaper way to receive coal, and to send it to market
• Cut the price of coal in half

Question 21

Steam locomotive

Answer 21

• Made the growth of railroads possible
• A cheaper, and more efficient way to transport goods faster

Question 22

How did improvements in transportation help with and drive the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 22

New transportation had provided jobs for the unemployed. These new systems had created big profits for entrepreneurs and led to a severe decrease of the prices of goods. It also made goods cheaper and easier to be transported during the Industrial Revolution.

Question 23

Explain how the Textile Industry, growth of factories, and the changes in transportation spurred even more Industrialization.

Answer 23

The increase of factories spreading and positive change in transportation had spurred the textile industry. Faster transportation in goods, increase in jobs, and decrease in prices were all results of the spur of the textile industry. These changes had influenced and acted as a sense of encouragement to other countries to begin industrializing their countries as well.

Question 24

“rags to riches”

Answer 24

• “Rags to Riches” can be obtained by working hard, and working every day to make money. If you continue to work every day, and even work more than needed, you save up your money, and can achieve the “riches” status. This can also be obtained by investing your money.