Industrial Revalution Flashcards
When did the ‘Industrial Revolution’ begin
1800s century from 1760 to 1840
What was happening in 1914
By 1914 England had become a great trading nation with a worldwide empire, which
covered a fifth of the globe.
How fast was population growing
A 260 per cent growth in population.
What was changing (moving)
A change from agriculture to industry.
A move from domestic industry to factory work.
A move from water and wind power to steam engines.
A revolution in transport and communications, from canals and pack horses, to railways and
the telegraph.
The growth of towns
In 1750, only about 15 per cent of the population lived in towns. By 1900 it
was 85 per cent. By 1900, London had 4.5 million inhabitants, and the biggest other towns were
Glasgow: 760,000 and Liverpool: 685,000. Manchester and Birmingham had more than half a million
people each. Much of the population had moved from the south-east to the industrialised coalfield
areas in the north and the Midlands.
When was it that Britain began to take control of other counties
1750 and 1900
What did Arnold Toynbee
Arnold Toynbee suggested that in the years after 1750 there was both an agricultural and an industrial ‘revolution’
Agriculture
Charles ‘Turnip’ Townshend introduced the Norfolk four-course rotation of wheat‒turnips‒barley‒clover to his farm and Robert Bakewell used selective breeding to develop the New Leicester sheep. Arthur Young promoted new methods to a wider audience.
Charles ‘Turnip’
Townshend introduced the Norfolk four-course rotation of wheat‒turnips‒barley‒clover to his farm
Robert Bakewell
Robert Bakewell used selective breeding to develop the New Leicester sheep.
Arthur Young
Arthur Young promoted new methods to a wider audience.
Farming improved?
Farming became for efficient. They were able to make profit of growing population.
Richard Arkwright’s
Richard Arkwright’s Mill at Cromford heralded ‘the Factory Age’ of the textile industry, production of iron increased 30-fold and production of coal increased 20-fold.
Newcomen and Watt
Newcomen and Watt contributed to the development of steam power to drive machinery more efficiently.
The world’s merchant
Britain was an important trading country before 1750. Its good were sold to Europe, America Africa and Asia.
Power
In 1750 Britain’s energy needs provided for by the use of wind, Water wood and animals. By 1900s most power depended on the use of colour; photos of coal were used in each year for every man woman and child. The development of the steam power has transformed transport and industry.
Thomas Telford
Thomas Telford built roads and canals in the 1700s
George Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel
George Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel oversaw the ‘Railway Mania’ of the 1800s.
The growth of towns:
In 1750, only about 15 per cent of the population lived in towns. By 1900 it was 85 per cent.
Who invented the battery in 1800
Alessandro Volta
