Industrial Hygiene And Confined Spaces

Question 1

safety and health
profession that is concerned with predicting,
recognizing,
assessing,
controlling,
and
preventing environmental stressors in the
workplace

Answer 1

Industrial hygiene

Question 2

any factor in the workplace that can
cause enough discomfort to result in lost time
or illness

Answer 2

Environmental stressor

Question 3

Common stressors

Answer 3

gases,
fumes, vapors, dusts, mists, noise, and radiation.

Question 4

Categories of environmental stressor

Answer 4

Chemical hazards
Physical Hazards
Biological hazards
Ergonomic hazards

Question 5

special sheets that summarize all pertinent
information about a specific chemical.

Answer 5

Material safety data sheets

Question 6

sound that is unwanted or that
exceeds safe limits. It can cause problems
ranging from annoyance to hearing loss

Answer 6

Noise

Question 7

most basic
way to eliminate environmental hazards:

Answer 7

Temperature control

Question 8

increasingly
prevalent in the age of high technology

Answer 8

Radiation hazards

Question 9

Kinds of radiation

Answer 9

Alpha
Beta
X-ray
Gamma
Neutron

Question 10

The greatest risk for nonionizing
radiation in the modern workplace comes from
________.

Answer 10

lasers

Question 11

conditions that
require unnatural postures and unnatural
movement.

Answer 11

Ergonomic hazards

Question 12

one that has a
negative effect on the health of a person or
animal.

Answer 12

Toxic substances

Question 13

amount of the chemical
that actually enters the body or system and the
time interval during which this dose was
administered.

Answer 13

Dose received

Question 14

Entry points for toxic agents

Answer 14

Inhalation
Absorption
Ingestion
Injection

Question 15

Airborne contaminants

Answer 15

Dust
Fumes
Smoke
Aerosols
Gases
Vapors

Question 16

various types of solid
particles that are produced when a given type
of organic or inorganic material is scraped,
sawed, ground, drilled, handled, heated, crushed,
or otherwise deformed

Answer 16

Dust

Question 17

manufacturing
processes as welding, heat treating, and
metalizing, all of which involve the interaction
of intense heat with a parent material.

Answer 17

Fumes

Question 18

result of the
incomplete
Combustion
of
carbonaceous
materials

Answer 18

Smoke

Question 19

liquid or solid
particles so small that they can remain
suspended in air long enough to be transported
over a distance.

Answer 19

Aerosols

Question 20

tiny liquid droplets
suspended in air

Answer 20

Mists

Question 21

Formless fluids

Answer 21

Gases

Question 22

materials that are solid or
liquid at room temperature and at normal levels
of pressure turn to vapors when heated or
exposed to abnormal pressure.

Answer 22

Vapors

Question 23

Effects of airborne toxics

Answer 23

Irritants
Asphyxiants
Narcotics and anesthetics

Question 24

substances that cause
irritation to the skin, eyes, and the inner lining
of the nose, mouth, throat, and upper
respiratory tract.

Answer 24

Irritants

Question 25

substances that can
disrupt breathing so severely that suffocation
results.

Answer 25

Asphyxiants

Question 26

similar in
that carefully controlled dosages can inhibit the
normal operation of the central nervous system
without causing serious or irreversible effects

Answer 26

Narcotics and anesthetics

Question 27

any substance that can
cause a malignant tumor or a neoplastic growth

Answer 27

Carcinogens

Question 28

cancerous tissue or tissue that
may become cancerous.

Answer 28

Neoplasm

Question 29

makes people sick because
it has become infested with mold, mildew,
spores, and other airborne microorganisms

Answer 29

Sick-building

Question 30

cause a variety of health problems ranging from
the temporary to the long term.

Answer 30

Poor indoor air quality

Question 31

One of the keys to preventing sickbuilding syndrome is

Answer 31

Air exchange

Question 32

Important
factors in a building’s ability to eliminate
contaminated air and bring in fresh air are:

Answer 32

• Ventilation
• Air infiltration rates
• Airflow rates in ducts
• Airflow patterns
• Fume exhaust

Question 33

prevention and control strategies

Answer 33

Engineering Controls
Ventilations
Administrative Controls
Personal protective equipment

Question 34

includes such strategies as replacing a toxic
material with one that is less hazardous or
redesigning a process to make it less stressful or
to reduce exposure to hazardous materials or
conditions

Answer 34

Engineering Controls

Question 35

used as a last resort. __________ imposes a barrier between the
worker and the hazard but does nothing to
reduce or eliminate the hazard.

Answer 35

Personal protective equipment

Question 36

involve limiting
the exposure of employees to hazardous
conditions

Answer 36

Administrative Controls

Question 37

Modern safety and
health professionals should ensure that all
employees are familiar with the following rules
of self-protection:

Answer 37

1. Know the hazards in your
   workplace
2. Know the possible effect of hazards in your workplace
3. Use PPE
4. Understand and obey safety rules

Question 38

one of the most
important
types
of
personal protective
equipment available to individuals who work in
hazardous environments.

Answer 38

Respirator

Question 39

filter toxic particulates out of the air

Answer 39

Air-filtering respirator

Question 40

any area with
limited means of entry and exit that is large
enough for a person to fit into but is not
designed for occupancy

Answer 40

Confined spaces

Question 41

process of
initially clearing the space of contaminants.

Answer 41

Purging

Question 42

To eliminate the
hazards posed by toxic contaminants such as
solvent vapors and welding fumes, it is
necessary to ____________ the confined space
aggressively

Answer 42

exhaust