Industrial Hygiene

Question 1

It is the science of anticipating, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace conditions that may cause workers’ injury or illness.

Answer 1

Industrial hygiene

Question 2

They use environmental monitoring and analytical methods to detect the extent of worker exposure and employ engineering, work practice controls, and other methods to control potential health hazards.

Answer 2

Industrial hygienists

Question 3

He is known as the “father of industrial medicine”

Answer 3

Bernardo Ramazzini

Question 4

First comprehensive book on industrial medicine published in Italy

Answer 4

De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (The Diseases of Workmen)

Question 5

Trained to anticipate, recognize, evaluate, and recommend controls for environmental and physical hazards that can affect the health and well-being of workers.

Answer 5

Industrial hygienists

Question 6

It removes the hazard. This strategy totally eliminates the hazard from the workplace. This should be the top priority for all safety professionals including industrial hygienists. An example of this strategy includes replacing a
hazardous chemical with a totally non-toxic, safe, chemical.

Answer 6

Elimination

Question 7

It reduces the hazard. This strategy should be used if it is not feasible to eliminate the hazard. The idea is to
replace the hazard with a less hazardous substitute.

Answer 7

Substitution

Question 8

It remove/reduce the hazard through design. This strategy involves the design or redesign of tools, equipment, machinery and facilities so that hazardous chemicals are not needed or that exposure to those hazardous
chemicals are not possible.

Answer 8

Engineering controls

Question 9

It promote employee awareness of hazards. It is merely visual, audible, and/or tactile indicators that warn people of potential danger.

Answer 9

Warnings

Question 10

Eliminate/reduce exposure to
hazards. This strategy to helps to reduce exposure by developing and implementing effective training, policies, processes, procedures, practices and safety rules.

Answer 10

Administrative controls

Question 11

Eliminates/reduces exposure through personal barriers. This strategy is generally used in conjunction with the other strategies to reduce exposure. When effective elimination, substitution and engineering controls are not feasible appropriate this may be required.

Answer 11

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Question 12

It is commonly classified as either particulate or gas and vapor contaminants.

Answer 12

Air contaminants

Question 13

Formless fluids that expand to occupy the space or enclosure in which they are confined.

Answer 13

Gases

Question 14

It is formed when material from a volatilized solid condenses in cool air. In most cases, the solid particles resulting from the condensation react with air to form an oxide.

Answer 14

Fumes

Question 15

It change into vapors and mix with the surrounding atmosphere through evaporation.

Answer 15

Liquids

Question 16

It is finely divided liquid suspended in the atmosphere. They are generated by liquids condensing from a vapor back to a liquid or by breaking up a liquid into a dispersed state such as by splashing, foaming or atomizing.

Answer 16

Mists

Question 17

It is also a form of a mist characterized by highly respirable, minute liquid particles.

Answer 17

Aerosols

Question 18

Solid particles whose length is several times greater than their diameter.

Answer 18

Fibers

Question 19

Gaseous form of substances that
are normally in a solid or liquid state at room temperature and pressure. Formed by evaporation from a liquid or solid and can be found where a worker would clean and/or paint as well as where solvents are used.

Answer 19

Vapors

Question 20

Solid particles that are formed or generated from solid organic or inorganic materials by reducing their size through mechanical processes such as crushing, grinding, drilling, abrading or blasting.

Answer 20

Dusts

Question 21

It refers to the presence or absence
of air pollutants in buildings.

Answer 21

Indoor air quality

Question 22

It includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other living organisms that can cause acute and chronic infections by entering the body either directly or through breaks in the skin.

Answer 22

Biological hazards

Question 23

They have the ability to adversely affect human health in a variety of ways, ranging from relatively mild, allergic reactions to serious
medical conditions, even death.

Answer 23

Biological agents

Question 24

It is an acute infectious disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium called Bacillus anthracis.

Answer 24

Anthrax

Question 25

It is a highly contagious disease of birds which is currently epidemic amongst poultry in Asia. Despite the uncertainties, poultry experts agree that immediate culling of infected and exposed birds is the first line of defense for both the protection of human health and the reduction of further losses in the agricultural sector.

Answer 25

Avian influenza

Question 26

It includes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and others.

Answer 26

bloodborne pathogens

Question 27

It is usually associated with consumption of preserved foods.
However, its toxins are currently among the most common compounds explored by terrorists for use as biological weapons.

Question 28

It is caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, toxins, metals, and prions (microscopic protein particles). Symptoms range from mild gastroenteritis to life-threatening neurologic, hepatic, and renal syndromes.

Answer 28

Foodborne illnesses

Question 29

It is an emerging, sometimes fatal, respiratory illness. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), its most recent human cases were reported in China in April 2004 and there is currently no known transmission anywhere in the world.

Answer 29

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

Question 30

It is among the six agents (smallpox, anthrax, plague, botulism, and tularemia) identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as the most
likely to be used as biological weapons.

Answer 30

Hemorrhagic fever viruses

Question 31

Exposure to high levels of _____ can cause permanent hearing loss. Neither surgery nor a hearing aid can help correct this type of hearing loss.

Answer 31

Noise

Question 32

It is measured in units of sound pressure levels called decibels, named after Alexander Graham Bell, using A-weighted sound levels (dBA).

Answer 32

Noise

Question 33

The first line of defense against excessive noise exposure.

Answer 33

Engineering controls

Question 34

It is especially dangerous when proper damping techniques are not applied, if machines are not maintained, if tools are not alternated, or if a worker uses a vibrating tool for consecutive hours during a workday.

Answer 34

Vibration