industrial hygiene

Question 1

science and art devoted to the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and control of those environmental factors or stresses arising in or from the workplace

Answer 1

industrial hygiene

Question 2

noted lead toxicity in mining industry.

Answer 2

hippocrates

Question 3

perceived health risk to those working with zinc and sulfur.

Devised a face mask made from an animal bladder to protect workers from exposure to dust and lead fumes.

Answer 3

Pliny the Elder, Roman Scholar

Question 4

greek physician,accurately described the pathology of lead poisoning and also recognized the hazardous exposures of copper miners to acid mists.

Answer 4

galen

Question 5

German Scholar, advance the science of industrial hygiene in his book De Re Metallica.
The book included suggestions for mine ventilation and worker protection, discussed mining accidents, and described diseases associated with mining occupations such as silicosis.

Answer 5

agricola

Question 6

father of industrial medicine, ublished in Italy the first comprehensive book on industrial medicine, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (The Diseases of Workmen).
The book contained accurate descriptions of the occupational diseases of most of the workers of his time.

Answer 6

bernardo romazzini

Question 7

published a pamphlet on occupational diseases and injuries among gold miners.
wrote about the toxicity of carbon monoxide, mercury, lead, and nitric acid

Answer 7

ulrich ellenborg

Question 8

as a result of his findings on the insidious effects of soot on chimney sweepers, was a major force in getting the British Parliament to pass the Chimney-Sweepers Act of 1788.

Answer 8

percival pott

Question 9

Three landmark pieces of legislation related to safeguarding workers’ health:

Answer 9

The Metal and Nonmetallic Mines Safety Act of 1966
The Federal Coal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1969
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act)

Question 10

relies on industrial hygienists to evaluate jobs for potential health hazards and recommend controls for environmental and physical hazards.

Answer 10

OSHA

Question 11

are trained to anticipate, recognize, evaluate, and recommend controls for environmental and physical hazards that can affect the health and well-being of workers.

Answer 11

industrial hygienists

Question 12

also play a major role in developing and issuing OSHA standards to protect workers from health hazards associated with toxic chemicals, biological hazards, and harmful physical agents.

Answer 12

industrial hygienists

Question 13

is an essential first step that helps an industrial hygienist determine what jobs and workstations are the sources of potential problems.

Answer 13

worksite analysis

Question 14

recognize that engineering, work practice, and administrative controls are the primary means of reducing employee exposure to occupational hazards.

Answer 14

industrial hygienist

Question 15

minimize employee exposure by either reducing or removing the hazard at the source or isolating the worker from the hazard.

Answer 15

Engineering
controls

Question 16

alter the manner in which a task is performed.

Answer 16

Work practice controls

Question 17

Work practice controls:

Answer 17

Some fundamental and easily implemented work practice controls include

(1) changing existing work practices to follow proper procedures that minimize exposures while operating production and control equipment;
(2) inspecting and maintaining process and control equipment on a regular basis;
(3) implementing good housekeeping procedures;
(4) providing good supervision; and
(5) mandating that eating, drinking, smoking, chewing tobacco or gum, and applying cosmetics in regulated areas be prohibited.

Question 18

include controlling employees’ exposure by scheduling production and tasks, or both, in ways that minimize exposure levels.

Answer 18

Administrative controls

Question 19

To be effective, personal protective equipment must be individually selected, properly fitted and periodically refitted; conscientiously and properly worn; regularly maintained; and replaced, as necessary.

Answer 19

PERSONALPROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT

Question 20

The Five Components of Industrial Hygiene

Answer 20

Recognition
Evaluation
Prevention
Control

Question 21

refers to understanding the possibility for potential industrial hygiene hazards within your work environment.

Answer 21

Anticipation

Question 22

to recognizing the actual hazards that exist within your workplace, which includes locating and documenting them.

Answer 22

Recognition

Question 23

refers to the process of assessing potential worker exposure to the identified hazards, and drawing conclusions about the level of risk to your workers for each one.

Answer 23

Evaluation

Question 24

is the process of developing and implementing strategies to eliminate the occurrence of harmful conditions in the workplace, or reduce them to acceptable levels.

Answer 24

Prevention

Question 25

Control is the process of creating processes and strategies, and implementing tools, to effectively control the impact of any hazards that cannot be removed from the environment.

Answer 25

Control

Question 26

These are commonly classified as either particulate or gas and vapor contaminants. The most common particulate contaminants include dusts, fumes, mists, aerosols, and fibers.

Answer 26

air contaminants

Question 27

Harmful chemical compounds in the form of solids, liquids, gases, mists, dusts, fumes, and vapors exert toxic effects by inhalation (breathing), absorption (through direct contact with the skin), or ingestion (eating or drinking). ts, and more. It is mostly presented like before.

Answer 27

chemical hazards

Question 28

Exposure entry routes of chemicals:

Answer 28

Inhalation:
Breathed in(most common route)
Absorption:
Drawn through skin or eye surface
Ingestion:
Swallowing via eating or drinking
Injection:
Penetration through the skin

Question 29

Exposure entry routes of chemicals:

Answer 29

Inhalation:
Breathed in(most common route)
Absorption:
Drawn through skin or eye surface
Ingestion:
Swallowing via eating or drinking
Injection:
Penetration through the skin

Question 30

Examples of chemical exposure symptoms:

Answer 30

Eye, nose, throat, upper respiratory, skin irritation
Flu-like symptoms
Difficulty breathing
Fatigue
Loss of coordination
Memory difficulties
Sleeplessness
Mental confusion

Question 31

Engineering controls

Answer 31

Ventilation – local (hood) / general (dilution)

Process and equipment modification

Isolation/automation

Question 32

Worksite analysis – assessing exposures:

Answer 32

• Air monitoring – personal and area
• Noise monitoring
• Observation – PPE use and work practices
• Ventilation measurements
• Wipe samples – surfaces and personnel

Question 33

Bacteria, viruses, parasites, and molds or fungi are examples of biological health risks. When they come into touch with skin, are eaten, or are inhaled, they can be harmful to human health.

Answer 33

biological hazards

Question 34

Possible effects of exposure to biological hazards:

Answer 34

Mild, allergic reactions

Serious medical conditions

Death

Most virulent and prevalent biological agents

Question 35

prevention for biological hazard

Answer 35

Proper personal hygiene, Particularly: hand washing Hospital should provide
Proper ventilation. Proper personal protective equipment such as adequate infectious waste disposal system, appropriate controls including isolation in instances of particularly contagious diseases such as tuberculosis

Question 36

In occupations where there is exposure to ionizing radiation, time, distance, and shielding are important tools in ensuring worker safety.

Answer 36

physical hazards

Question 37

Danger from radiation increases with the amount of time one is exposed to it; hence, the shorter the time of exposure the smaller the radiation danger.
Distance also is a valuable tool in controlling exposure to both ionizing and nonionizing radiation. Radiation levels from some sources can be estimated by comparing the squares of the distances between the worker and the source
Shielding also is a way to protect against radiation.

Answer 37

time, distance, shielding

Question 38

can be reduced by installing equipment and systems that have been engineered, designed, and built to operate quietly.

Answer 38

noise

Question 39

By enclosing or shielding noisy equipment
By making certain that equipment is in good repair and properly maintained with all worn or unbalanced parts replaced.

Answer 39

preventing noise

Question 40

factories such as steel mills, can be controlled by installing reflective shields and by providing protective clothing.

Answer 40

radiant heat exposure

Question 41

7s

Answer 41

safety
synergy
sort
set in order
shine
standardize
sustain