Industrial Era Flashcards
- The practices championed by Frederick W. Taylor that were championed by many factory owners of the era
A. made it easier for immigrant workers to assimilate into the American working class
B. ensured that all workers would receive higher wages and conditions in the factories would improve
C. emphasized the need for greater efficiency in factory operations
D. reemphasized the need for extensive training before the worker could do almost any job in the factory
E. created less profit for factory owners
(Correct Answer: C. Taylorism made efficiency in the workplace a science and set the stage for assembly line production techniques.)
- Many citizens became involved in the political process by actively supporting the Republican and Democratic parties for all of the reasons listed except
A. the parades, rallies, and campaigns of the era provided an exciting entry into the American political system
B. the strength of the two parties was roughly identical in this era, thus creating close and interesting races
C. the expansion and spread of newspapers in this era made more people aware of political developments
D. candidates for president for both parties in almost every race of this era were dynamic and very popular campaigners, thus energizing the forces of both parties
E. energetic campaign workers were sometimes rewarded with government jobs
(Correct Answer: D. Most of the presidential candidates-and presidential winnersof this era were nondescript men, thus allowing much power to go over to Congress.)
- An analysis of the march on Washington by “Coxey’s Army” in 1894 demonstrates that
A. large segments of the unemployed in America were willing to become involved politically to protest their situation
B. all classes in American society were deeply affected by the depression of the early 1890s
C. the policies of dealing with depression in the 1890s were somewhat similar to policies championed by Herbert Hoover from 1929 to 1932
D. public opinion had a major effect on government policy in the late 1800s
E. the march was extremely well covered by the press
(Correct Answer: C. The march had little effect on government policy. Coxey’s Army was relatively small by the time it got to Washington. Official policy of the time was that it was not the job of the federal government to actively intervene during hard times, a policy similar to that supported by Herbert Hoover in the first years of the Great Depression.)
- The following statements are true about the new industrial city of the late nineteenth century except
A. the working class lived around the factories, usually somewhat near the center of the city
B. the factories of the city were almost always found near a source of water, since water power was common
C. mass transportation allowed workers to travel to various parts of the city, where before they had to walk to work
D. the central area of the city usually consisted of offices, banks, and insurance buildings
E. many saloons existed in workingclass neighborhoods
(Correct Answer: B. By 1890, most American industry had converted to steam power.)
- Evidence that the standard of living for the working class improved in this era could be found by carefully analyzing all of the following except
A. a comparison of increased wages with increased living costs. for factory workers
B. an analysis of the increased diversity of foods available for purchase by factory workers
C. a study of former luxuries that were now staple in the homes of some industrial workers
D. an analysis of the growth of amusement parks, sporting events, and movie theaters in the major cities
E. a comparison of the wages of most immigrant workers with the wages of workers who remained to work in the” old country”
(Correct Answer: A. Many diverse foods were available for purchase by factory workers, but few could afford them. For many workers, wages did go up in this period; however, increased living costs often outstripped higher wages.)
