Industrial Chemistry & the Environment Flashcards
What does a chemical reaction produce?
A new substance that is usually difficult to reverse.
Define the term rate.
The speed with which a reaction takes place.
Examples of reactions that occur slowly.
- Rusting of iron/metals.
- Oxidation.
- Food rotting.
Examples of reactions that occur quickly.
- Combustion.
- Explosions.
- Striking of a match.
- Burning of fuel.
How can the rate of reaction be change by altering the temperature.
If the temperature is increased, the particles will move faster.
How can the rate of reaction be changed by altering the surface area.
- If the substance is crushed, the usrface area is increased.
- More particles are available for collision PER UNIT TIME.
- Increases the likelihood of successful collisions.
- Increases the rate of reaction.
How can the rate of reaction be changed by altering the concentration.
- If the concentration is increased, more particles are available for collision PER UNIT TIME.
Describe the characteristics of the chemical reaction: combination.
- The reaction is exothermic.
- Two or more substances form to create one.
Describe the characteristics of the chemical reaction: single replacement.
An element takes the place of another.
Describe the characteristics of the chemical reaction: combustion.
When a substance reacts with oxygen and releases energy.
How to identify the type of reaction given the chemical equation.
Identify chemical terms on the right side of the arrow.
Oxidation.
The loss of electrons.
Reduction.
The gain of electrons.
The purpose of a salt bridge.
To complete the circuit.
What does the electric flow go through.
The elelctron flow goes through external wire. Not the salt bridge.
