Industrial- 1700-1900 Flashcards
1
Q
Edward Jenner
A
- 1798
- Born in 1749
- Developed first vaccine for smallpox using cowpox
- Faced much opposition to his ideas from the Royal Society although Parliament granted him £30,000 to set up a vaccination clinic in London
2
Q
James Simpson
A
- 1847
- Showed that chloroform could be used as an effective anaesthetic during surgery
- Used it to help women in childbirth and patients undergoing operations
- Deaths increased as surgeons got too ambitious
3
Q
Florence Nightingale
A
- 1850’s+
- Born in 1820
- Worked as a nurse at the Scutari Hospital in the Crimea
- Published ‘Notes on Nursing’ and founded first training school for nurses (1860)
4
Q
Dr John Snow
A
- 1854
- Made the connection between outbreaks of cholera and infected water supply
- Based his work on meticulous studies of Broad Street, London
- Conducted house-to-house interviews and recorded findings on a map
5
Q
Louis Pasteur
A
- 1861/1878
- Born in France 1822
- Author of ‘Germ Theory’, challenging theory of ‘spontaneous generation’ and miasma
- Took time to convince everyone, some still insisted bad air caused disease
6
Q
Joseph Lister
A
- 1867
- Born in England in 1827
- Influenced by Pasteur’s ‘Germ Theory’ and developed the carbolic spray
- Unpopular with doctors due to unpleasant side-effects
7
Q
Robert Koch
A
- 1882
- Born in Germany 1843
- Used teams of bacteriologists to identify the bacteria causing different diseases
- Identified different bacteria using stains and cultivating them on petri dishes
