Indusrial Medecine Flashcards
How did Edward Jenner test his theories on inoculation?
He heard maids in Gloucestershire who caught cowpox would not catch smallpox. To test this, Jenner injected a small boy, James Phipps with pus sores from cowpox. He then infected him with smallpox, but the boy didn’t catch the disease. He published his findings in 1798.
What was the reaction to Edward Jenner’s work?
Doctors who prescribed inoculation saw it as a threat to their income. However, Jenner got approval from parliament. In 1840 the vaccination was made free for infants, and in 1853 it was made compulsory for infants.
How did Louis Pasteur develop Germ Theory?
In 1857 he was hired to find the cause of souring alcohol, and his conclusion was Germs. He showed that air microbes caused this, showing sterilised water in a closed flask stayed sterile, whereas sterile water in an open flask bred germs.
In 1861, Pasteur published his Germ Theory, in which he argued that microbes in the air caused decay.
How did Pasteur’s Germ Theory help future developments?
1- the theory helped inspire Joseph Lister to develop antiseptic equipment.
2- The theory proved John Snow’s findings about cholera.
3- The theory linked disease to poor living conditions, pressuring the government into the 1875 public health act.
What did Robert Koch discover?
He identified many diseases, including Anthrax in 1876, and Tuberculosis in 1882. He used agar jelly to create solid cultures, allowing him to breed lots of bacteria. He used dyes to see the bacteria and employed the newly invented photography to record his findings.
How did Pasteur develop vaccination after Edward Jenner?
Pasteur’s assistance, Charles Chamberland, injected some chickens with weakened cholera that had accidentally been left out after he went on holiday (CHANCE). The chickens survived, and when the team tried again with newly cultured cholera the chickens still survived. They worked out that the weakened cholera had made the chickens immune. The team showed a public experiment in 1881, proof for this theory.
