Indus Valley Civilisation Flashcards
_________ can be defined as the process by which a society develops its own culture and institutions.
Civilisation
At its zenith, a _________’s political boundary can be defined, it has a set of rules and laws under a leader, a common language, religion and customs.
Civilisation’s
A highly developed and organised human society is called a _______ _______.
Civilised society
______ supplied a continous flow of water for farming and human consumption. ________ helped in the growth of trade and commerce by providing means of transport. _______ provided important means of transport and communication. _______ along with climate, vegetation and topography, shaped the development of these early civilisations. Fill all of these blanks with just one word.
Rivers
The four main river valley civilisations were?
- Mesopotamian civilisation along rivers Tigris and Euphrates
- Egyptian civilisation along river Nile
- Indus Valley civilisation/ harrappan civilisation along the river Indus
- The Shang and Zhou Civilisations along the rivers Yangtze Kiang and Huang He or the Yellow River
The Indus Valley Civilisation, also know as ________ _________.
Harrappan Civilisation
This civilisation flourished around _____ years ago.
4,700
The civilisation flourished from approx. ____ BCE to ____BCE
2500;1500
No civilisation in the ancient world has shown so much advancement in _____ _____ as the Indus Valley Civilisation.
Civic Sense
It is best know for its spectacular city planning, which surpassed all its _________ civilisations.
Contemporary
The Harrappan ruins were discovered while laying ____ _____ in the early _______ century.
rail tracks, nineteenth
________ ___________, Director General of the Archeological Survey of British India.
Fill in the blanks.
Alexander Cunningham
______ ________ studied the artefacts of Harappa in the 1850s.
Alexander Cunningham
In the early twentieth century, Indian archaeologists under ____ ___ _____ undertook excavations at Harappa.
Daya Ram Sahni
Further excavations in ____, by RD Banerjee.
Fill in the blank
What is RD Banerjee also known as
1921
Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay
RD Banerjee’s excavations led to the discovery of another large city known as ___________.
Mohenjadaro
What did RD Banerjee discover other than the large city?
He discovered a number of villages and towns.
Where were most of the initially excavated sites situated?
They were situated near the valley of the river Indus and its tributaries.
Later diggings unearthed the extent of this civilisation, which stretched from Baluchistan in the ____ to ______ ______ in the east and from Jammu and Kashmir in the _____ to Gujarat in the west.
west, Uttar Pradesh, north
__________ and _________ are considered the most significant sites, as they are largest in size.
Mohenjadaro, Harappa
_______ signifies the ‘mound of the dead’.
Mohenjadaro
______ is located west of the river Indus in the Larkhana district of Sind.
Mohejadaro
Harappa is situated on the banks on the now dry course of the ____ in western Punjab in Pakistan.
Ravi
More than ___ sites have been discovered so far making the Indus Valley Civilisation the largest civilisation of the ancinet world.
100
Kot Diji, situated east of Mohenjodaro, was the earliest known fortified city that had a _______ and a ______ ___.
Citadel, lower town
_______ flourished south of Mehrgarh.
Nausharo
Blocks of mud houses divided by streets were discovered here.
Discovered where?
Nausharo
Though a smaller settlement, ________ had all the features of a developing urban centre.
Nausharo
Kalibangan is situated around ____ km from Bikaner.
205
Kalibangan means ______ __________.
black bangles, a name derived from the terracotta bangles found there
Banawali, situated ____-_____ of Fatehabad, it is a well constructed ____ town.
north-west, fort
______, in Gujarat, had a dockyard where a huge human-made canal allowed ships to dock
Lothal
Dholavira in the ________ District of Gujarat is famous for its magnificent planning and the large area it occupies.
Kachchh
_____ flourished in Rajkot district of Saurashtra.
Rojdi
The excavation of the residential area has revealed whole houses, courtyards, food-grain threshing and storage areas.
Which residential area is talked about?
Rojdi
Surkotada, situated to the _____-east of Bhuj, had a citadel and fortified residential complexes
north
__________ is till date the easternmost Harappan settlement, which was discovered in Uttar Pradesh.
Alamgirpur
___________ at various sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation reveal a remarkable culture.
Excavations
It showcases elaborately planned cities, multiple means of livelihood, ________ society and innovative craftsmanship.
stratified
The world’s earliest planned cities had well-defined sanitary and _______ systems.
drainage
The main roads ran parallel to each other, and……
Smaller streets intersected the main roads at right angles
The entire city was divided into _____ blocks
rectangular
The roads were wide, and the corners were rounded off for….
for easy movement of carts
Many roads were paved with baked ______.
bricks
Harappan cities were usually divided into two parts– the _______ and the _____ _____.
citadel, lower town
