Individuals Flashcards
Who were the Donner Party?
They were one of the first family’s to move Westward.
What problems did the Donner Party face?
Left late in the season already.
Hasting’s Cut-off: A short cut they were told would save them 400 miles.
Route was too hard.
Had to abandon their cattle whilst crossing Salt Lake desert.
Attacked by Paiute warriors: One man killed.
30th October: Reached last mountain before California. Had travelled 2500 miles.
For 4 months they ate: Their cattle, bark, twigs and eventually each other.
In April 1847: 87 who set off, 46 survived and 41 dead.
Rescue groups from Fort Shutter managed to rescue the survivors.
Who discovered the Mormons?
Joseph Smith.
How did he come up with Mormonism?
The golden plates are the source from which Joseph Smith said he translated the Book of Mormon, a sacred text of the faith. According to Smith, he experienced a series of visions, including one in which he saw “two personages” (presumably God the Father and Jesus Christ) and others in which an angel directed him to a buried book of golden plates inscribed with a Judeo-Christian history of an ancient American civilization. In 1830, Smith published what he said was an English translation of these plates, the Book of Mormon.
Who took over Mormonism after Smith died?
Brigham Young.
Where were the Mormons and Young traveling to after being exiled from Missouri and Nauvoo?
Salt Lake.
Why did Young stop at Salt Lake instead of California?
It was isolated.
What is the name of the state of Mormon?
Utah.
What’s the main reason for Mormons being successful?
There was loads of them.
What were some of the problems Mormons faced traveling.
Poorly prepared
In Spring 1846, mobs looted Mormons’ workshops, forcing them to leave Nauvoo before they were ready for their long trek to Salt Lake. Brigham Young (Mormon leader) sent advance ‘pioneers’ ahead, to plant crops, build houses, set up staging posts for the travellers.
The journey
The Mormons faced a journey of 2,250km, which made them ‘weary and footsore’. They endured ‘stormy weather’ in winter; and ‘excessive heat’ in summer. No solution, Mormons had to ‘endure’.
Organisation
On the journey 15,000 Mormons faced accidents, breakdowns, mouldy food, fever, lack of medical facilities, Native American attacks. Young taught Mormons how to manage a wagon train, and how to defend themselves against attack at night.
Faint hearts
Some Mormons preferred Oregon. Another suggested California, and said ‘nobody on earth’ would want to live at Salt Lake.
What were the solutions?
Brigham Young (Mormon leader) sent advance ‘pioneers’ ahead, to plant crops, build houses, set up staging posts for the travellers
Young taught Mormons how to manage a wagon train, and how to defend themselves against attack at night.
Young said: “If there is a place on this earth that nobody wants, that’s the place I’m looking for.”
Who was Custer?
George Armstrong Custer was a United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars.
Who were Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse and what did they do.
Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota holy man who led his people as a tribal chief during years of resistance to United States government policies. He was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him, at a time when authorities feared that he would join the Ghost Dance movement.
Crazy Horse was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota. He took up arms against the U.S. Federal government to fight against encroachments on the territories and way of life of the Lakota people, including leading a war party to victory at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in June 1876.
How many warriors joined the Native Americans at the battle of Little Big Horn?
3000 warriors. from Cheyenne and Arapaho joined the Sioux.
What tactic did Custer use but failed miserably?
3 Pronged attack. 600 men into 3 groups.
