individualistic Flashcards
What were the 3 patterns of thinking in the Cognitive theory
Attribution, Perception of consequences and Moral reasoning
What is Attribution
Attribution theory is concerned with how ordinary people explain the causes of behaviour and events.
What is Perception of consequences
Perception of consequences refers to the extent to which people consider the consequences of their actions for other people.
What is Moral reasoning
Moral reasoning refers to our understanding of right and wrong.
What are some strengths and weakness if the Cognitive theory
Strength
• Hs always used highly control methods of testing. This has involved the use of lab experiments to get reliable, objective data.
Weakness
• The main disadvantage of the cognitive approach is that it refers to the cognitive process that we cannot directly observe
What did Bandura say
Bandura said We observe others and that we observe the consequences of other people’s actions
Sutherland said that there were two reasons for a person to develop into an offender what were they
- Learn a set of values and attributes that support offending
- Learn specific behaviour for committing crime
What is the Differential association theory about
Southerly said that people’s are not born criminals but learn that behaviour form the people they socialist with.
What are models
people we models our behaviour off of they are normally similar same age same gender to us powerful teacher, parent, relative caring teacher, parent, relative
What are some strengths and weakness if the Learning theory
Strength
• Farrington found that family is a large influence on offending. Crime can be seen as intergenerational.
Weakness
• This theory dose not account for individual differences some people are much more easily lead than others
What are the 3 personality types
Extraversion, Psychoticism and Neuroticism
what is Neuroticism
how emotionally stable an individual is ( like do they over react a lot and are the easily emotional or not)
what is Extraversion
how much stimulation an individual needs from there enrirement
what is Psychoticism
how antisocial a person is ( there are cold uncaring, solitary and aggressive)
What are some strengths and weakness if the personality theory
Strength
• Eysenck predicted that traumatised scours would be high in Neuroticism and they were
Weakness
• Lack of reliability. People may respond differently on different days and times.
Personality is made up of three parts wat are they
the id, ego and super-ego
what is the id
Id is the selfish, animalistic urges.
what is the ego
Ego is rational, sensible and control
what is the superego
Superego is conscience and morality
what are the 3 different types of superego
weak superego (punishes the ego with anxiety and gratifies the id) deviant superego ( has deviant values) strong superego ( makes you anxious and guilty most of the time. commits crime to get punished to assuage the guilt. the person would also express antisocial impulses)
What are some strengths and weakness if the Psychodynamic theory
Strength
• The is ego and superego seem to match parts of the brain, that have been established by research as having similar functions. Limbic system- id, pre frontal cortex – ego.
Weakness
• No longer accredited by psychologists due to the difficulty of testing. You can’t test the unconcise mind.
