Individual Practice Flashcards
Harriet Bartlett
Theorist that focused on helping people identify it and resolve or reduce problems arising out of dis equilibrium between individuals groups in the environment; and to seek out and strengthen maximum potential of individuals
Eda Goldstein
Theorist that focused on helping people find the means and opportunity by which they can work out final alternatives for and deal with internal interpersonal and environmental conditions
William E. Gordon
Theorist focused on matching coping capacities of the individual and qualities of the environment to enhance individual potential and relieve environmental problems
Gordon Hamilton
Theorist focused on releasing resources and the immediate environment and capacities of the individual that allow for a fuller life
Helen Perlman
Theorist focused on helping individuals effectively cope with social functioning problems
Mary Woods and Florence Hollis
Theorists focusing on helping people cope with intrapsychic, interpersonal, and environmental problems that cause personal suffering
Goals
Central purposes are to help people resolve problems, improve social functioning, achieve desired change, and fulfill self-defined aspirations
Focus
Centrality of the person-in-situation
Problems
Stress internal psychological processes, external social and environmental conditions, and the interplay between them
Social functioning
Focus on social functioning and role expectations, emphasizing the right of individuals to define their roles and to meet their requirements in unique, self-determined ways
Values
All theories hold similar basic values, including: worth of the individual, rights of the individual to have access to services,; self-determination; confidential; and opportunity to fulfill potential without regard to race, sexual orientation, gender, or class
Differences in approaches based on psychological theory
Psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive
Changes in length of time needed to accomplish a goal
Those with a focus on personality change need an extended period of time for treatment (open-ended, long-term treatment)
Those with a focus on behavioral, cognitive change or problem-solving emphasize shorter-term treatment (crisis intervention, task-centered treatment, cognitive, problem-solving, behavioral)
Different loci of change
Individual, couple, family, social system, intersectional
Different approaches based on goal of change
Personality change, behavior change, social system change
Different foci of assessment
Intrapsychic (psychodynamic)
Interpersonal (psychosocial, family systems)
Environmental strengths and problems
Intersection/interaction of of intrapsychic, interpersonal, and environmental factors (life model or ecological)
Who was the greatest influence in psychoanalytic theory
Sigmund Freud
Psychodynamic Theory-based social work approaches
Psychosocial, problem-solving, crisp intervention, task-centered casework, planned short-term treatment
What are the assumptions about human behavior associated with psychodynamic approaches
- Individuals seen within context of their environment, interacting with family and other social systems, and influenced by personal experiences
- Conscious, unconscious, rational, and irrational motivations govern individual behavior
- Individuals can change and grow under appropriate conditions throughout the life cycle
What are the motivations for change associated with psychodynamic approaches
- Disequilibrium evokes anxiety and releases energy to change
- Conscious and unconscious needs and wishes
Relationship with clinician or group (group treatment setting)
What are the vehicles for change associated with psychodynamic approaches
- Development of insight and resolution of emotional conflicts lead to the possibility for behavior change
- Corrective emotional experience in relationship with the worker
- Changes in affective, cognitive, or behavioral patterns that evoke change in interpersonal relationships
- Changes in the environment
What are the roles of relationship associated with psychodynamic approaches
- Conscious use of relationship can stimulate motivation and energy to change
- Corrective emotional experience
- Client and client’s needs are central. Worker only uses self-disclosure purposefully and for client’s benefit
Transference
Client brings their relationship history to treatment. Some transference dynamics interfere with treatment but should be seen and worked with as potential vehicles for enhancing client self-understanding and for changing problematic interpersonal patterns.
Countertransference
Worker brings their relationship history into relationship
What ways can social workers use to deal with countertransference
- Supervision and consultation to mediate countertransference reactions.
- Worker attending therapy to deal with countertransference
Dynamic understanding
How do different aspects of client’s personality and their important relationships interact to produce/influence total functioning
Etiological understanding
What are the causative factors that produced presenting problem and that influence client’s attempt to deal with it
